---
title: publisher — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «publisher» in the school dictionary: A company or person that prepares books, magazines, newspapers, music or games and makes them available for people to buy or read. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# publisher

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** company, people, person, name, publisher, Penguin · **What happens:** prepare, make, buy, read, put, see · **To what, where:** books, something, spine, famous publisher, story, publisher · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«publisher» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [publisher in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/publisher.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A company or person that prepares books, magazines, newspapers, music or games and makes them available for people to buy or read.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:m1:1
# text = A company or person that prepares books, magazines, newspapers, music or games and makes them available for people to buy or read.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	prepares	prepare	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	magazines	magazine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	available	available	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	_
20	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prepare** | present | a company or person | books and magazines and newspapers and music or games |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | a company or person *not said here* | books *= book* |  |  |  | available *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |
| 3 | **buy** | to-infinitive | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **read** | infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A program or person that puts something online for others to see.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:m2:1
# text = A program or person that puts something online for others to see.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	puts	put	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	online	online	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present | person | something |  |  |  | for others; online *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent something=Goal |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The publisher's name is on the spine of the book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x1:1
# text = The publisher's name is on the spine of the book.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	spine	spine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the publisher's name |  |  | the spine |  | of the book | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** |  | the publisher |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Penguin is a famous publisher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x2:1
# text = Penguin is a famous publisher.
1	Penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Penguin | a famous publisher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sent her story to a publisher, hoping it would be printed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x3:1
# text = She sent her story to a publisher, hoping it would be printed.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	hoping	hope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | She | her story |  | a publisher |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent story=Theme to publisher=Destination |
| 2 | **hope** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **print** | would · passive |  | story |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The game publisher released a new update.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x4:1
# text = The game publisher released a new update.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	released	release	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	update	update	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **release** | past | the game publisher | a new update |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer update=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In our book review, write the author, title and publisher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x5:1
# text = In our book review, write the author, title and publisher.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	review	review	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | the author |  | our book review |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent author=Theme in review=Destination |
| 2 | **review** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom review «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The newspaper's publisher decided to print a special edition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x6:1
# text = The newspaper's publisher decided to print a special edition.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	print	print	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	edition	edition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past | the newspaper's publisher |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **print** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the newspaper's publisher *not said here* | a special edition |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edition=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Yes; and he is our first printer and publisher now," replied the scholar.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:publisher:x7:1
# text = "Yes; and he is our first printer and publisher now," replied the scholar.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	15	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	printer	printer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	publisher	publisher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
15	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	scholar	scholar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | he | our first printer and publisher |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the scholar |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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