---
title: puddle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «puddle» in the school dictionary: A puddle is a small pool of water (or other liquid) on the ground, often after rain. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# puddle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** puddle, We, you, puddles, car, water · **What happens:** be, jump, put, freeze, drive, splash · **To what, where:** small pool, puddles, wellies, puddle, us, floor

<!-- .vabout -->
«puddle» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [puddle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/puddle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A puddle is a small pool of water (or other liquid) on the ground, often after rain.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:m1:1
# text = A puddle is a small pool of water (or other liquid) on the ground, often after rain.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	often	often	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	after	after	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a puddle | a small pool or other liquid on the ground and rain |  |  |  | of water | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We jumped in all the puddles on the way home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x1:1
# text = We jumped in all the puddles on the way home.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	puddles	puddle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	home	home	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | We |  |  | all puddles |  | on the way; home *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in puddle=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put your wellies on; there are puddles everywhere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x2:1
# text = Put your wellies on; there are puddles everywhere.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	wellies	welly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	puddles	puddle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
9	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | your wellies |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent welly=Goal |
| 2 | **does** | present | puddles |  |  | there |  | everywhere *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puddle froze overnight and was very slippery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x3:1
# text = The puddle froze overnight and was very slippery.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	froze	freeze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	slippery	slippery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | past | the puddle |  |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | the puddle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | slippery *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A car drove through the puddle and splashed us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x4:1
# text = A car drove through the puddle and splashed us.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	splashed	splash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past | a car |  |  | the puddle |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through puddle=Trajectory |
| 2 | **splash** | past | a car *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location we=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puddle got smaller as the water evaporated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x5:1
# text = The puddle got smaller as the water evaporated.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	evaporated	evaporate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the puddle |  |  |  |  | small *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **evaporate** | past | the water |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy left a puddle on the floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x6:1
# text = The puppy left a puddle on the floor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the puppy | a puddle |  | the floor |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent puddle=Theme on floor=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Draw a chalk line around the puddle and check it later.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x7:1
# text = Draw a chalk line around the puddle and check it later.
1	Draw	draw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | imperative | you *not said here* | a chalk line |  | the puddle |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |
| 2 | **check** | infinitive | you *not said here* | line |  |  |  | late *property* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She saw the dirty puddle in the street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puddle:x8:1
# text = She saw the dirty puddle in the street.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	puddle	puddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | She | the dirty puddle |  | the street |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer puddle=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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