---
title: pul — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pul» in the school dictionary: A small coin of Afghanistan: 100 puls make one afghani; today it is hardly used. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pul

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** small coin, money, off piece, One afghani, old coin, pul · **What happens:** make, use, coin, not be, pull, be · **To what, where:** one afghani, coin, Afghanistan, English word, Afghan pul, money · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pul» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pul in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pul.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small coin of Afghanistan: 100 puls make one afghani; today it is hardly used.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:m1:1
# text = A small coin of Afghanistan: 100 puls make one afghani; today it is hardly used.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Afghanistan	Afghanistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	puls	pul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	afghani	afghani	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
13	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a small coin of Afghanistan | one afghani |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset afghani=Product |
| 2 | **use** | present · passive |  | coin |  |  | today | hardly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **coin** |  |  | Afghanistan |  |  |  |  | nom coin «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Persian, Dari — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word for «money» in Persian and Dari; it is not an English word.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:m2:1
# text = The word for «money» in Persian and Dari; it is not an English word.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Persian	Persian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Dari	Dari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | money | a English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Often just a misspelling or cut-off piece of «pull» or a name.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:m3:1
# text = Often just a misspelling or cut-off piece of «pull» or a name.
1	Often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	misspelling	misspelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	off	off	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** *in a quote* | infinitive | a off piece *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One afghani is worth one hundred puls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:x1:1
# text = One afghani is worth one hundred puls.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	afghani	afghani	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	worth	worth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	compound	_	_
6	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	puls	pul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | One afghani |  |  |  |  | worth *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old coin in the museum was an Afghan pul.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:x2:1
# text = The old coin in the museum was an Afghan pul.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	pul	pul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the old coin in the museum | a Afghan pul |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Persian, «pul» means money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:x3:1
# text = In Persian, «pul» means money.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Persian	Persian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	pul	pul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | pul | money |  |  |  | in Persian | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot money=Theme in persian=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign said «PUL» but someone had rubbed off the last L of «PULL».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:x4:1
# text = The sign said «PUL» but someone had rubbed off the last L of «PULL».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	PUL	pul	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	rubbed	rub	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	L	l	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	PULL	pull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the sign |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pul** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rub off** | past · perfect | someone | the last L of PULL |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent l=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pul coins are so small in value that people rarely use them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pul:x5:1
# text = Pul coins are so small in value that people rarely use them.
1	Pul	pul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	rarely	rarely	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Pul coins |  |  | value |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | people | value |  |  |  | rarely *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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