---
title: pump — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «pump» in the school dictionary: A pump is a machine that pushes water, air, fuel or another liquid or gas from one place to another. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# pump

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** pump, machine, heart, Pumps, He, Two pumps · **What happens:** be, push, pump, pump up, move, work together · **To what, where:** machine, water, one place, tyre, pump, blood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«pump» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [pump in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/pump.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pump is a machine that pushes water, air, fuel or another liquid or gas from one place to another.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:m1:1
# text = A pump is a machine that pushes water, air, fuel or another liquid or gas from one place to another.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pump | a machine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **push** | present | a machine | water and air and fuel or another liquid or gas |  | one place to another |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme from place=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To pump is to move it with a pump: «pump up a tyre».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:m2:1
# text = To pump is to move it with a pump: «pump up a tyre».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pump	pump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	pump	pump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tyre	tyre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with a pump; move *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pump up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a tyre |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tyre=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your heart is a pump that pushes blood around your body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:m3:1
# text = Your heart is a pump that pushes blood around your body.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your heart | a pump |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **push** | present | a pump | blood |  | your body |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent blood=Theme around body=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pumps are also light flat shoes (UK).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:m4:1
# text = Pumps are also light flat shoes (UK).
1	Pumps	pump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pumps | light flat shoes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pump moves 30 litres a minute.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x1:1
# text = A pump moves 30 litres a minute.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | present | a pump | 30 litres |  |  | minute |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme litre=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How long to pump 600 litres?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x2:1
# text = How long to pump 600 litres?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	pump	pump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	600	600	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | to-infinitive |  | 600 litres |  |  |  | long *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent litre=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He pumps up 4 tyres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x3:1
# text = He pumps up 4 tyres.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pumps	pump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tyres	tyre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump up** | present | He | 4 tyres |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tyre=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two pumps work together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x4:1
# text = Two pumps work together.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	pumps	pump	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work together** | present | Two pumps |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the bike pump to put air in the tyre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x5:1
# text = Use the bike pump to put air in the tyre.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tyre	tyre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the bike pump |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pump=Patient |
| 2 | **put** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | air |  | the tyre |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme in tyre=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heart pumps blood all around the body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x6:1
# text = The heart pumps blood all around the body.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pumps	pump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | present | the heart | blood |  | the body |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent blood=Theme around body=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Firefighters pumped water out of the flooded cellar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x7:1
# text = Firefighters pumped water out of the flooded cellar.
1	Firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pumped	pump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	flooded	flood	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | past | Firefighters | water |  | the flooded cellar |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme out cellar=Destination |
| 2 | **flood** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We were pumped for the big game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x8:1
# text = We were pumped for the big game.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	pumped	pump	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump** | past · passive |  | We |  |  |  | for the big game | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘Rubbish!’ said his wife. ‘Who can pump out the sea?’

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* ‘Rubbish!’ said his wife.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x9:1
# text = ‘Rubbish!’ said his wife.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Rubbish | Rubbish's wife |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent wife=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ‘Who can pump out the sea?’

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:pump:x9:2
# text = ‘Who can pump out the sea?’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	pump	pump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pump out** | can |  | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sea=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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