---
title: puppy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «puppy» in the school dictionary: A puppy is a young dog. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# puppy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** puppy, Puppy fat, children, that, Puppy love, dog · **What happens:** be, have, go away, grow, give away, eat · **To what, where:** young dog, first sweet love, 6 puppies, 2 puppies, 3 cups, many puppies

<!-- .vabout -->
«puppy» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [puppy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/puppy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A puppy is a young dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:m1:1
# text = A puppy is a young dog.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a puppy | a young dog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Puppy fat» is soft fat some children have that goes away as they grow.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:m2:1
# text = «Puppy fat» is soft fat some children have that goes away as they grow.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Puppy fat |  |  |  |  | fat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | some children |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go away** | present | that |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **grow** | present | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Puppy love» is a young person's first, sweet love.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:m3:1
# text = «Puppy love» is a young person's first, sweet love.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Puppy love | a young person's first sweet love |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog had 6 puppies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x1:1
# text = The dog had 6 puppies.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	puppies	puppy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the dog | 6 puppies |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave away 2 puppies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x2:1
# text = She gave away 2 puppies.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	puppies	puppy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give away** | past | She | 2 puppies |  |  |  | away *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent puppy=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each puppy eats 3 cups a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x3:1
# text = Each puppy eats 3 cups a day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | each puppy | 3 cups  a day |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many puppies are left?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x4:1
# text = How many puppies are left?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	puppies	puppy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | many puppies |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A puppy has 4 legs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x5:1
# text = A puppy has 4 legs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a puppy | 4 legs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our puppy chews everything, even my shoes!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x6:1
# text = Our puppy chews everything, even my shoes!
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chews	chew	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chew** | present | Our puppy | everything |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A puppy needs food, water, walks and love.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x7:1
# text = A puppy needs food, water, walks and love.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	walks	walk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a puppy | food and water and walks and love |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He gave me puppy dog eyes to get a biscuit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x8:1
# text = He gave me puppy dog eyes to get a biscuit.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | He | dog eyes | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient eye=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | a biscuit |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer biscuit=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the house there are three puppies.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:puppy:x9:1
# text = In the house there are three puppies.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	puppies	puppy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | three puppies |  |  | the house; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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