---
title: purchase — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «purchase» in the school dictionary: To buy something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# purchase

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, buying, feet, Dad, She, best purchase · **What happens:** buy, act, not get, purchase, keep, proof · **To what, where:** something, purchase, ice, new school shoes, receipt, parent

<!-- .vabout -->
«purchase» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [purchase in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/purchase.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To buy something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:m1:1
# text = To buy something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	buy	buy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something you have bought.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:m2:1
# text = Something you have bought.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The act of buying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:m3:1
# text = The act of buying.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	buying	buying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** |  | buying |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A firm hold or grip: «my feet couldn't get a purchase on the ice».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:m4:1
# text = A firm hold or grip: «my feet couldn't get a purchase on the ice».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **get** *in a quote* | could | my feet | a purchase |  | the ice |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent purchase=Theme on ice=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad purchased new school shoes for me.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x1:1
# text = Dad purchased new school shoes for me.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	purchased	purchase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purchase** | past | Dad | new school shoes |  |  |  | for me | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme for i=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep the receipt as proof of purchase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x2:1
# text = Keep the receipt as proof of purchase.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	receipt	receipt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | the receipt |  |  |  | as proof of purchase | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent receipt=Theme |
| 2 | **proof** |  |  | purchase |  |  |  |  | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask a parent before any in-app purchase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x3:1
# text = Ask a parent before any in-app purchase.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a parent |  | before any app purchase |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parent=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She purchased 3 pens at $2 each, so she spent $6.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x4:1
# text = She purchased 3 pens at $2 each, so she spent $6.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	purchased	purchase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pens	pen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	$	$	SYM	$	_	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purchase** | past | She | 3 pens |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pen=Theme |
| 2 | **spend** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our best purchase was the tent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x5:1
# text = Our best purchase was the tent.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Our best purchase | the tent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **purchase** |  | Our |  |  |  |  |  | nom purchase «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My boots couldn't get a purchase on the ice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x6:1
# text = My boots couldn't get a purchase on the ice.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **get** | could | My boots | a purchase |  | the ice |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent purchase=Theme on ice=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Later, another neighbor purchased him and allowed his feathers to grow again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:purchase:x7:1
# text = Later, another neighbor purchased him and allowed his feathers to grow again.
1	Later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	neighbor	neighbor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	purchased	purchase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	allowed	allow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **purchase** | past | another neighbor | him *= he* |  |  |  | late *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Theme |
| 2 | **allow** | past | another neighbor *not said here* | neighbor's feathers |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer feather=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **grow** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | neighbor's feathers *not said here* |  |  |  | again |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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