---
title: quaff — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «quaff» in the school dictionary: To quaff is to drink something quickly and deeply, in big gulps. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# quaff

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**Who acts:** quaff, knight, We, you, us · **What happens:** be, quaff, let · **To what, where:** mug, one go, lemonade, us, cup

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«quaff» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [quaff in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/quaff.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To quaff is to drink something quickly and deeply, in big gulps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quaff:m1:1
# text = To quaff is to drink something quickly and deeply, in big gulps.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	quaff	quaff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	gulps	gulp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | quaff |  |  |  |  | drink, quickly *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Quaff this cup of cold water, lad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quaff:x1:1
# text = Quaff this cup of cold water, lad.
1	Quaff	quaff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight quaffed the mug in one go.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quaff:x2:1
# text = The knight quaffed the mug in one go.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	quaffed	quaff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mug	mug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	go	go	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **quaff** | past | the knight | the mug |  | one go |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mug=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We quaffed lemonade on the hot day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quaff:x3:1
# text = We quaffed lemonade on the hot day.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	quaffed	quaff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lemonade	lemonade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **quaff** | past | We | lemonade |  |  | day |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lemonade=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let us quaff a cup together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quaff:x4:1
# text = Let us quaff a cup together.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	quaff	quaff	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **quaff** | infinitive | us *not said here* | a cup |  |  |  | together *property* | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cup=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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