---
title: quatrain — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «quatrain» in the school dictionary: A verse or stanza of a poem with four lines, often with a rhyme pattern like ABAB or AABB. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# quatrain

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** quatrain, Twinkle, you, verse, poem · **What happens:** verse, be, start, write, have, rhyme · **To what, where:** poem, stanza, quatrain, hymn, three quatrains, lines

<!-- .vabout -->
«quatrain» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [quatrain in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/quatrain.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A verse or stanza of a poem with four lines, often with a rhyme pattern like ABAB or AABB.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:m1:1
# text = A verse or stanza of a poem with four lines, often with a rhyme pattern like ABAB or AABB.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	verse	verse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	stanza	stanza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	rhyme	rhyme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	pattern	pattern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	ABAB	ABAB	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	AABB	AABB	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **verse** |  |  | a poem with four lines with a rhyme pattern like ABAB or AABB |  |  |  |  | nom verse «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A quatrain is a stanza with four lines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x1:1
# text = A quatrain is a stanza with four lines.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	quatrain	quatrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stanza	stanza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a quatrain | a stanza |  |  |  | with four lines | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Twinkle, twinkle, little star» starts with a quatrain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x2:1
# text = «Twinkle, twinkle, little star» starts with a quatrain.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	quatrain	quatrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Twinkle and twinkle |  |  |  |  | with a quatrain | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with quatrain=Subeventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write a quatrain about the sea with the rhyme scheme AABB.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x3:1
# text = Write a quatrain about the sea with the rhyme scheme AABB.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	quatrain	quatrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	rhyme	rhyme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	scheme	scheme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
11	AABB	AABB	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | a quatrain |  |  |  | about the sea; with the rhyme scheme | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent quatrain=Recipient about sea=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each verse of the hymn is a quatrain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x4:1
# text = Each verse of the hymn is a quatrain.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	verse	verse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hymn	hymn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	quatrain	quatrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | each verse of the hymn | a quatrain |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **verse** |  |  | the hymn |  |  |  |  | nom verse «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The poem has three quatrains and a couplet at the end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x5:1
# text = The poem has three quatrains and a couplet at the end.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	quatrains	quatrain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	couplet	couplet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the poem | three quatrains and a couplet at the end |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quatrain=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the quatrain, lines 1 and 3 rhyme, and so do lines 2 and 4.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:quatrain:x6:1
# text = In the quatrain, lines 1 and 3 rhyme, and so do lines 2 and 4.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	quatrain	quatrain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	_
9	rhyme	rhyme	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	obl	_	_
14	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rhyme** | present |  |  |  | the quatrain  lines |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive |  | lines |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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