---
title: querulous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «querulous» in the school dictionary: Complaining in a whining, annoyed voice. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# querulous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** voice, child, we, He, querulous customer · **What happens:** complain, become, be, grow, come, make · **To what, where:** whining, querulous old man, long car journey, querulous voice, querulous remark, money

<!-- .vabout -->
«querulous» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [querulous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/querulous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Complaining in a whining, annoyed voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:m1:1
# text = Complaining in a whining, annoyed voice.
1	Complaining	complain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	whining	whining	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	annoyed	annoyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complain** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  | a whining and annoyed voice |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The querulous old man complained about the noise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x1:1
# text = The querulous old man complained about the noise.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	complained	complain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complain** *speech: other* | participle |  | the querulous old man *not said here* |  |  |  | about the noise | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about noise=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her voice became querulous when she was tired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x2:1
# text = Her voice became querulous when she was tired.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Her voice |  |  |  |  | querulous *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | voice |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The child grew querulous on the long car journey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x3:1
# text = The child grew querulous on the long car journey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the child |  |  | the long car journey |  | querulous *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on journey=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Are we nearly there?» came a querulous voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x4:1
# text = «Are we nearly there?» came a querulous voice.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  | nearly, there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past |  | a querulous voice |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made a querulous remark about the food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x5:1
# text = He made a querulous remark about the food.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	remark	remark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | a querulous remark |  |  |  | about the food | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remark=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The querulous customer wanted his money back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:querulous:x6:1
# text = The querulous customer wanted his money back.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	querulous	querulous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	customer	customer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want back** | past | the querulous customer | customer's money |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot money=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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