---
title: raider — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «raider» in the school dictionary: A raider is a person who makes a sudden attack on a place, especially to steal things or cause damage, for example Viking raiders. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# raider

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** raider, person, robber, raiders, attackers, Viking raiders · **What happens:** be, make, steal, cause, break, attack · **To what, where:** person, sudden attack, place, things, damage, robber

<!-- .vabout -->
«raider» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [raider in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/raider.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raider is a person who makes a sudden attack on a place, especially to steal things or cause damage, for example Viking raiders.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:m1:1
# text = A raider is a person who makes a sudden attack on a place, especially to steal things or cause damage, for example Viking raiders.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raider	raider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	steal	steal	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
18	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	cause	cause	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
21	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
25	Viking	viking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a raider | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a person | a sudden attack |  | a place |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attack=Product |
| 3 | **steal** | to-infinitive |  | things |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thing=Theme |
| 4 | **cause** | infinitive |  | damage and Viking raiders  example |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raider is a robber who breaks into a shop or bank suddenly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:m2:1
# text = A raider is a robber who breaks into a shop or bank suddenly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raider	raider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	robber	robber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a raider | a robber |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **break** | present | a robber |  |  |  |  | into a shop or bank *result*; suddenly *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into shop=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In sport, games and stories, raiders are attackers who make quick surprise attacks.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:m3:1
# text = In sport, games and stories, raiders are attackers who make quick surprise attacks.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	attackers	attacker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	attacks	attack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | raiders | attackers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | attackers | quick surprise attacks |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attack=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Viking raiders attacked the monastery at Lindisfarne.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x1:1
# text = Viking raiders attacked the monastery at Lindisfarne.
1	Viking	viking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attacked	attack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monastery	monastery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Lindisfarne	Lindisfarne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attack** | past | Viking raiders | the monastery |  | Lindisfarne |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent monastery=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The raiders sailed away with gold and slaves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x2:1
# text = The raiders sailed away with gold and slaves.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail away** | past | the raiders |  |  |  |  | with gold and slaves; away *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Police caught the bank raiders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x3:1
# text = Police caught the bank raiders.
1	Police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | Police | the bank raiders |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raider=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ram raiders smashed a car through the shop window.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x4:1
# text = Ram raiders smashed a car through the shop window.
1	Ram	ram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smashed	smash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smash** | past | Ram raiders | a car |  | the shop window |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent car=Theme through window=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The castle walls kept the raiders out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x5:1
# text = The castle walls kept the raiders out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep out** | past | the castle walls | the raiders |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raider=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother is a fridge raider at midnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x6:1
# text = My brother is a fridge raider at midnight.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	raider	raider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My brother | a fridge raider |  |  | midnight |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, raiders try to steal your treasure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raider:x7:1
# text = In the game, raiders try to steal your treasure.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	raiders	raider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	try	try	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	steal	steal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	treasure	treasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | present | raiders |  |  | the game |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **steal** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | raiders *not said here* | your treasure |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location treasure=Theme |
| 3 | **treasure** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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