---
title: rainforest — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rainforest» in the school dictionary: A rainforest is a thick forest of tall trees in a place where it rains a lot almost every month. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rainforest

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rainforest, it, Most rainforests, some, Amazon rainforest, Sloths · **What happens:** be, rain, live, reach, make, project · **To what, where:** thick forest, lot, equator, largest rainforest, world, rainforest

<!-- .vabout -->
«rainforest» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rainforest in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rainforest.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rainforest is a thick forest of tall trees in a place where it rains a lot almost every month.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:m1:1
# text = A rainforest is a thick forest of tall trees in a place where it rains a lot almost every month.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	15	advmod	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	rains	rain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rainforest | a thick forest |  |  |  | of tall trees in a place | tree rules |
| 2 | **rain** | present | it | a lot |  |  | month |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most rainforests are tropical, near the equator and hot all year; some are temperate, cooler and wet, like those in New Zealand, Tasmania and the north-west of the USA and Canada.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:m2:1
# text = Most rainforests are tropical, near the equator and hot all year; some are temperate, cooler and wet, like those in New Zealand, Tasmania and the north-west of the USA and Canada.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	amod	_	_
2	rainforests	rainforest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	temperate	temperate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	cooler	cool	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	like	like	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	16	conj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	flat	_	_
26	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Tasmania	Tasmania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
31	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Most rainforests |  |  | the equator |  | tropical *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | some |  |  |  |  | temperate *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | some *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x1:1
# text = The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Amazon	Amazon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Amazon rainforest | the largest rainforest |  | the world |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sloths, toucans and jaguars live in the rainforest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x2:1
# text = Sloths, toucans and jaguars live in the rainforest.
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	toucans	toucan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	jaguars	jaguar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Sloths and toucans and jaguars |  |  | the rainforest |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rainforest=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It rains almost every afternoon in a tropical rainforest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x3:1
# text = It rains almost every afternoon in a tropical rainforest.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rains	rain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rain** | present | It |  |  | a tropical rainforest | afternoon |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The canopy is the leafy roof of the rainforest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x4:1
# text = The canopy is the leafy roof of the rainforest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	canopy	canopy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	leafy	leafy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the canopy | the leafy roof |  |  |  | of the rainforest | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very little sunlight reaches the rainforest floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x5:1
# text = Very little sunlight reaches the rainforest floor.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	reaches	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | present | little sunlight | the rainforest floor |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent floor=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made a model rainforest in a shoebox for our project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x6:1
# text = We made a model rainforest in a shoebox for our project.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	model	model	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shoebox	shoebox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | a model rainforest |  | a shoebox for our project |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rainforest=Product |
| 2 | **project** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Queensland in Australia has rainforests near the coast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x7:1
# text = Queensland in Australia has rainforests near the coast.
1	Queensland	Queensland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	rainforests	rainforest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Queensland in Australia | rainforests |  | the coast |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rainforest=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cutting down rainforests destroys the homes of many animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rainforest:x8:1
# text = Cutting down rainforests destroys the homes of many animals.
1	Cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	rainforests	rainforest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	destroys	destroy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | gerund |  | rainforests |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rainforest=Product |
| 2 | **destroy** | present | Cutting | the homes of many animals |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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