---
title: rake — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rake» in the school dictionary: A rake is a garden tool with a long handle and a row of teeth or prongs at the end for gathering leaves or smoothing soil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rake

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rake, We, you, prongs, Dad, She · **What happens:** be, gather, smooth, rake, mean, use · **To what, where:** garden tool, end, leaves, soil, rake, things · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rake» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rake in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rake.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rake is a garden tool with a long handle and a row of teeth or prongs at the end for gathering leaves or smoothing soil.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:m1:1
# text = A rake is a garden tool with a long handle and a row of teeth or prongs at the end for gathering leaves or smoothing soil.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	handle	handle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	row	row	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	prongs	prong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	gathering	gather	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
23	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	smoothing	smooth	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	_
26	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rake | a garden tool |  |  | at the end | with a long handle and a row of teeth or prongs | tree rules |
| 2 | **gather** | gerund | a rake *not said here* | leaves |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme |
| 3 | **smooth** | gerund | a rake *not said here* | soil |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent soil=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To rake means to use a rake to gather things or make soil flat.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:m2:1
# text = To rake means to use a rake to gather things or make soil flat.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	rake	rake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
13	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **use** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a rake |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rake=Patient |
| 4 | **gather** | to-infinitive |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | infinitive |  | soil |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset soil=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To rake through something means to search it carefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:m3:1
# text = To rake through something means to search it carefully.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	rake	rake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	search	search	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | something |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through something=Location |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **search** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | carefully *property* | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Location |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To rake in money means to get a lot of it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:m4:1
# text = To rake in money means to get a lot of it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	rake	rake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | money |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in money=Location |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a lot of lot |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lot=Stimulus |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To rake a fire means to stir its ashes and embers with a rake-like tool.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:m5:1
# text = To rake a fire means to stir its ashes and embers with a rake-like tool.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	rake	rake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stir	stir	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	embers	ember	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | to-infinitive |  | a fire |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent fire=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **stir** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | fire's ashes and embers |  |  |  | with a like tool | vn shake-22.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent ash=Patient with tool=Co-Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We raked the leaves into a big pile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x1:1
# text = We raked the leaves into a big pile.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raked	rake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | past | We | the leaves |  | a big pile |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme into pile=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then we jumped in the pile of leaves!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x2:1
# text = Then we jumped in the pile of leaves!
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | we |  |  | the pile of leaves | then |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pile=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave the rake with its prongs facing down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x3:1
# text = Leave the rake with its prongs facing down.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	prongs	prong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	facing	face	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | the rake |  |  |  | with rake's prongs | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent rake=Recipient with prong=Theme |
| 2 | **face down** | gerund | rake's prongs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad raked the soil flat before we planted the seeds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x4:1
# text = Dad raked the soil flat before we planted the seeds.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raked	rake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	flat	flat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | past | Dad | the soil flat |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent flat=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **plant** | past | we | the seeds |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She raked through the box looking for her lost earring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x5:1
# text = She raked through the box looking for her lost earring.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raked	rake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	earring	earring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | past | She |  |  | the box |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through box=Location |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | the box *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for her lost earring | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for earring=Theme |
| 3 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother is as thin as a rake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x6:1
# text = My brother is as thin as a rake.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	as	as	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My brother |  |  |  |  | as a rake; thin *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cake sale raked in lots of money for the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x7:1
# text = The cake sale raked in lots of money for the school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	raked	rake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rake** | participle |  | the cake sale *not said here* |  | lots of money |  | for the school | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent in lot=Location for school=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rake leaned against the shed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x8:1
# text = The rake leaned against the shed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rake	rake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	leaned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | the rake |  |  |  |  | against the shed | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The goodman was taking off his breeches, and the goodwife raking the fire.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rake:x9:1
# text = The goodman was taking off his breeches, and the goodwife raking the fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goodman	goodman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	breeches	breech	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	goodwife	goodwife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
12	raking	rake	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | past · progressive | the goodman | goodman's breeches |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breech=Theme |
| 2 | **rake** | gerund | the goodwife *not said here* | the fire |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent fire=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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