---
title: ramp — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ramp» in the school dictionary: A sloping surface that joins a lower place and a higher place, used instead of steps. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ramp

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sloping surface, you, school, We, steeper ramp, car · **What happens:** slope, join, use, ramp up, mean, ramp · **To what, where:** lower place, increase, old use, violent way, speed, ramp · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ramp» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ramp in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ramp.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sloping surface that joins a lower place and a higher place, used instead of steps.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:m1:1
# text = A sloping surface that joins a lower place and a higher place, used instead of steps.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sloping	slope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	amod	_	_
3	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	joins	join	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
15	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slope** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **join** | present | a sloping surface | a lower place and a higher place |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | a lower place and a higher place *not said here* |  |  |  | instead steps | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Ramp up" means increase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:m2:1
# text = "Ramp up" means increase.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ramp	ramp	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	nsubj	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ramp up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  | increase |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent increase=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"ramp up the speed".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:m2e:1
# text = "ramp up the speed".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	ramp	ramp	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ramp up** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | the speed |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old use, to ramp means to rage about wildly and behave in a violent way.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:m3:1
# text = In old use, to ramp means to rage about wildly and behave in a violent way.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	ramp	ramp	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	rage	rage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	wildly	wildly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	behave	behave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	violent	violent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ramp** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | old use |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **rage** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | wildly *property* | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **behave** | present |  |  |  | a violent way |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school has a ramp for wheelchairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x1:1
# text = The school has a ramp for wheelchairs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ramp	ramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wheelchairs	wheelchair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the school | a ramp |  |  |  | for wheelchairs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ramp=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We rolled toy cars down a ramp in science.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x2:1
# text = We rolled toy cars down a ramp in science.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rolled	roll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ramp	ramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | past | We | toy cars |  | a ramp in science |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent car=Theme down ramp=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A steeper ramp makes the car go faster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x3:1
# text = A steeper ramp makes the car go faster.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	steeper	steep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	ramp	ramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
8	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a steeper ramp | the car |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | the car *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He skated down the ramp wearing a helmet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x4:1
# text = He skated down the ramp wearing a helmet.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	skated	skate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ramp	ramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	wearing	wear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **skate down** | past | He | the ramp |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ramp=Location |
| 2 | **wear** | gerund | the ramp *not said here* | a helmet |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Push the pram up the ramp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x5:1
# text = Push the pram up the ramp.
1	Push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pram	pram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ramp	ramp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push up** | imperative | you *not said here* | the pram |  |  |  | the ramp *obl* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pram=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company ramped up production.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x6:1
# text = The company ramped up production.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	ramped	ramp	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ramp up** | participle |  | the company *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were all very anxious to know what had happened, but he rushed off and locked himself into a room, where he ramped and raved until he was tired.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ramp:x7:1
# text = They were all very anxious to know what had happened, but he rushed off and locked himself into a room, where he ramped and raved until he was tired.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	anxious	anxious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
15	off	off	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	locked	lock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
18	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	17	obj	_	_
19	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	25	advmod	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	ramped	ramp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	raved	rave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
28	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
31	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  |  | all, anxious *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **happen** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **rush off** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **lock** | past | he *not said here* | himself *= he* |  | a room |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 6 | **ramp** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **rave** *speech: other* | past | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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