---
title: rand — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rand» in the school dictionary: The rand is the money of South Africa; one rand is made of 100 cents. Its symbol is R, and its code is ZAR. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rand

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rand, symbol, code, loaf, Johannesburg, 1 pound · **What happens:** be, make, code, cost, divide, write · **To what, where:** money, one rand, R, ZAR, area, strip

<!-- .vabout -->
«rand» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rand in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rand.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rand is the money of South Africa; one rand is made of 100 cents. Its symbol is R, and its code is ZAR.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The rand is the money of South Africa; one rand is made of 100 cents.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:m1:1
# text = The rand is the money of South Africa; one rand is made of 100 cents.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the rand | the money |  |  |  | of South Africa | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | one rand |  |  |  | of 100 cents | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Its symbol is R, and its code is ZAR.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:m1:2
# text = Its symbol is R, and its code is ZAR.
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	R	R	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	ZAR	ZAR	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | rand's symbol | R and ZAR |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | rand's code | ZAR |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **code** |  | rand |  |  |  |  |  | nom code «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Rand (short for the Witwatersrand) is an area of ridges around Johannesburg, famous for gold mines.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:m2:1
# text = The Rand (short for the Witwatersrand) is an area of ridges around Johannesburg, famous for gold mines.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Witwatersrand	Witwatersrand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	around	around	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Johannesburg	Johannesburg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Rand | a area |  |  |  | of ridges around Johannesburg | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rand is a strip of leather in a shoe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:m3:1
# text = A rand is a strip of leather in a shoe.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	strip	strip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	shoe	shoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rand | a strip |  | a shoe |  | of leather | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In South Africa, a loaf of bread costs a few rand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x1:1
# text = In South Africa, a loaf of bread costs a few rand.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a loaf of bread | a few rand |  | South Africa |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme rand=Value |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rand is divided into 100 cents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x2:1
# text = The rand is divided into 100 cents.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cents	cent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | present · passive |  | the rand |  | 100 cents |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Prices in Cape Town are written with R, as in R25.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x3:1
# text = Prices in Cape Town are written with R, as in R25.
1	Prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	Cape	Cape	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Town	Town	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	R	r	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	R25	R25	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · passive |  | Prices in Cape Town |  |  |  | with R; as R25 | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Result as r25=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gold was found on the Rand long ago, and Johannesburg grew up around the mines.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x4:1
# text = Gold was found on the Rand long ago, and Johannesburg grew up around the mines.
1	Gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	Johannesburg	Johannesburg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	around	around	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | Gold |  | the Rand |  | ago *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **grow up** | past | Johannesburg |  |  | the mines |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around mine=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If 1 pound buys 20 rand, then 5 pounds buy 100 rand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x5:1
# text = If 1 pound buys 20 rand, then 5 pounds buy 100 rand.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	pound	pound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	buys	buy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
9	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | 1 pound | 20 rand |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rand=Theme |
| 2 | **buy** | present | 5 pounds | 100 rand |  |  | then |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rand=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She changed her dollars into rand at the airport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x6:1
# text = She changed her dollars into rand at the airport.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	rand	rand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	airport	airport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | She | her dollars |  |  |  | into rand *result*; at the airport | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent dollar=Patient into rand=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coin had a springbok on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rand:x7:1
# text = The coin had a springbok on it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	springbok	springbok	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the coin | a springbok |  | springbok |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent springbok=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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