---
title: raptor — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «raptor» in the school dictionary: A raptor is a bird of prey: a bird that hunts other animals with strong feet, sharp curved claws (talons) and a hooked beak, such as an eagle, hawk, falcon or owl. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# raptor

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** raptor, bird, Eagles, We, Raptors, amazing eyesight · **What happens:** be, hunt, curve, hook, eat, grab · **To what, where:** bird, other animals, short name, raptors, mouse, raptor centre

<!-- .vabout -->
«raptor» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [raptor in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/raptor.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raptor is a bird of prey: a bird that hunts other animals with strong feet, sharp curved claws (talons) and a hooked beak, such as an eagle, hawk, falcon or owl.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:m1:1
# text = A raptor is a bird of prey: a bird that hunts other animals with strong feet, sharp curved claws (talons) and a hooked beak, such as an eagle, hawk, falcon or owl.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
20	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	amod	_	_
21	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	talons	talon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	hooked	hook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	amod	_	_
28	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	33	case	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	30	fixed	_	_
32	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	eagle	eagle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	falcon	falcon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
38	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a raptor | a bird and a bird |  |  |  | of prey | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | present | a bird | other animals |  |  |  | with strong feet and sharp curved claws and a hooked beak | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |
| 3 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 4 | **hook** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raptor is a short name for some meat-eating dinosaurs, especially velociraptor and its relatives (dromaeosaurs).

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:m2:1
# text = A raptor is a short name for some meat-eating dinosaurs, especially velociraptor and its relatives (dromaeosaurs).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
9	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	amod	_	_
12	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	velociraptor	velociraptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	dromaeosaurs	dromaeosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a raptor | a short name |  |  |  | for some eating dinosaurs and velociraptor and raptor's relatives | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eagles, hawks and owls are all raptors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x1:1
# text = Eagles, hawks and owls are all raptors.
1	Eagles	eagle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	hawks	hawk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	owls	owl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	all	all	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	raptors	raptor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Eagles and hawks and owls | raptors |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The raptor grabbed the mouse with its sharp talons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x2:1
# text = The raptor grabbed the mouse with its sharp talons.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grabbed	grab	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	talons	talon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | past | the raptor | the mouse |  |  |  | with raptor's sharp talons | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited a raptor centre and held a barn owl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x3:1
# text = We visited a raptor centre and held a barn owl.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | a raptor centre |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent centre=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **hold** | past | We *not said here* | a barn owl |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent owl=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Raptors have amazing eyesight for spotting prey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x4:1
# text = Raptors have amazing eyesight for spotting prey.
1	Raptors	raptor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	eyesight	eyesight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	spotting	spot	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Raptors | amazing eyesight |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eyesight=Patient |
| 2 | **spot** | gerund | amazing eyesight *not said here* | prey |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme prey=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peregrine falcons are the fastest raptors when they dive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x5:1
# text = Peregrine falcons are the fastest raptors when they dive.
1	Peregrine	peregrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	falcons	falcon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	fastest	fast	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	raptors	raptor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	dive	dive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Peregrine falcons | the fastest raptors |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dive** | present | falcons *= falcon* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the film, the raptors opened the kitchen door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x6:1
# text = In the film, the raptors opened the kitchen door.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	raptors	raptor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the raptors | the kitchen door |  | the film |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent door=Theme in film=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real raptor dinosaurs were covered in feathers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x7:1
# text = Real raptor dinosaurs were covered in feathers.
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | Real raptor dinosaurs |  |  |  | in feathers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in feather=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The raptor circled high above the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:raptor:x8:1
# text = The raptor circled high above the field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raptor	raptor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	circled	circle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	above	above	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **circle** | past | the raptor |  |  | the field |  | high *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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