---
title: rasp — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rasp» in the school dictionary: A rasp is a rough harsh sound, like a scraping voice. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rasp

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rasp, tool, We, cough, His, door · **What happens:** be, shape, rasp, scrape, use, smooth · **To what, where:** rough harsh sound, coarse file, wood, old man, rasp, wooden edge · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rasp» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rasp in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rasp.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rasp is a rough harsh sound, like a scraping voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:m1:1
# text = A rasp is a rough harsh sound, like a scraping voice.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	scraping	scraping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rasp | a rough harsh sound |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rasp is a coarse file, a tool for shaping wood or metal.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:m2:1
# text = A rasp is a coarse file, a tool for shaping wood or metal.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	coarse	coarse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	shaping	shape	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
12	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rasp | a coarse file |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | gerund | a tool *not said here* | wood or metal |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wood=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To rasp is to say something in a rough, harsh voice, or to scrape with a rough tool.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:m3:1
# text = To rasp is to say something in a rough, harsh voice, or to scrape with a rough tool.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	rasp	rasp	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
9	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	scrape	scrape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rasp** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **scrape** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with a rough tool | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with tool=Instrument |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Who's there?» rasped the old man.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x1:1
# text = «Who's there?» rasped the old man.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
7	rasped	rasp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **rasp** | past |  | the old man |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location man=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We used a rasp to smooth the wooden edge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x2:1
# text = We used a rasp to smooth the wooden edge.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	smooth	smooth	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | We | a rasp |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rasp=Patient |
| 2 | **smooth** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the wooden edge |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent edge=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His cough had a rasp to it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x3:1
# text = His cough had a rasp to it.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | His cough | a rasp | rasp |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rasp=Patient |
| 2 | **cough** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom cough «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The door rasped on the stone floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x4:1
# text = The door rasped on the stone floor.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rasped	rasp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rasp** | past | the door |  |  | the stone floor |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat's tongue feels rough like a rasp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x5:1
# text = The cat's tongue feels rough like a rasp.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | the cat's tongue |  |  |  |  | rough *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her voice was a dry rasp after the cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rasp:x6:1
# text = Her voice was a dry rasp after the cold.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rasp	rasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her voice | a dry rasp |  |  | after the cold |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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