---
title: realise — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «realise» in the school dictionary: To realise means to suddenly understand or become aware of something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# realise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plan, I, you, it, He, his · **What happens:** realise, mean, understand, become, make, come · **To what, where:** dream, plan, bag, bus, mistake, answer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«realise» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [realise in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/realise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To realise means to suddenly understand or become aware of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:m1:1
# text = To realise means to suddenly understand or become aware of something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	realise	realise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	aware	aware	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **understand** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | aware *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To realise a dream or plan means to make it come true.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:m2:1
# text = To realise a dream or plan means to make it come true.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	realise	realise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | to-infinitive |  | a dream or plan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | plan |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **come** *not said to happen* | infinitive | plan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | true *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I suddenly realised I had left my bag on the bus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x1:1
# text = I suddenly realised I had left my bag on the bus.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	realised	realise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | past | I |  |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | past · perfect | I | my bag |  | the bus |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bag=Theme on bus=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Did you realise it was raining?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x2:1
# text = Did you realise it was raining?
1	Did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	realise	realise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	raining	rain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | past · do-support | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rain** | past · progressive | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He realised his mistake and fixed it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x3:1
# text = He realised his mistake and fixed it.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	realised	realise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | past | He | his mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fix** | past | He *not said here* | mistake |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **mistake** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom mistake «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She realised her dream of playing for the team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x4:1
# text = She realised her dream of playing for the team.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	realised	realise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | past | She | her dream |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | gerund | her dream *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the team | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for team=Eventuality |
| 3 | **dream** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They didn't realise how late it was.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x5:1
# text = They didn't realise how late it was.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	realise	realise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **realise** | past · do-support | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | past | it |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When I checked my answer, I realised I had added instead of subtracted.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x6:1
# text = When I checked my answer, I realised I had added instead of subtracted.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checked	check	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	realised	realise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
12	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	14	case	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	subtracted	subtract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | past | I | my answer |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |
| 2 | **realise** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **add** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **subtract** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **answer** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then they realised that the sign would not help them at all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realise:x7:1
# text = Then they realised that the sign would not help them at all.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	realised	realise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **realise** | past | they |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **help** | would | the sign | them *= they* |  | all |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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