---
title: realm — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «realm» in the school dictionary: A country ruled by a king or queen; a kingdom. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# realm

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Christians, king, story, Flying cars, Time travel, knights · **What happens:** rule, speak, take, fly, not be, be · **To what, where:** country, realm, place, magical realm, star, Marya · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«realm» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [realm in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/realm.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A country ruled by a king or queen; a kingdom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:m1:1
# text = A country ruled by a king or queen; a kingdom.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | participle |  | a country and a kingdom *not said here* |  |  |  | by a king or queen | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An area of knowledge, activity or interest: «the realm of science».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:m2:1
# text = An area of knowledge, activity or interest: «the realm of science».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: stories — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A world or land, often magical: «the realm of the fairies».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:m3:1
# text = A world or land, often magical: «the realm of the fairies».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	magical	magical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fairies	fairy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians speak of «the heavenly realm».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:m4:1
# text = Christians speak of «the heavenly realm».
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	heavenly	heavenly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Christians |  |  |  |  | of the heavenly realm | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king ruled his realm wisely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x1:1
# text = The king ruled his realm wisely.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	wisely	wisely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the king | king's realm |  |  |  | wisely *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent realm=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story takes place in a magical realm under the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x2:1
# text = The story takes place in a magical realm under the sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	magical	magical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | the story | place |  | a magical realm |  | under the sea | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent place=Value in realm=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flying cars are not in the realm of science fiction any more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x3:1
# text = Flying cars are not in the realm of science fiction any more.
1	Flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	fiction	fiction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	any	any	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | Flying cars |  |  | the realm |  | of science fiction | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Time travel is outside the realm of possibility.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x4:1
# text = Time travel is outside the realm of possibility.
1	Time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	possibility	possibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Time travel |  |  |  |  | outside the realm; of possibility | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knights swore to protect the realm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x5:1
# text = The knights swore to protect the realm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | past | the knights |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **protect** | to-infinitive | the knights *not said here* | the realm |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent realm=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the realm of sport, she is a star.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x6:1
# text = In the realm of sport, she is a star.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | she | a star |  | the realm of sport |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fair Princess, Marya Morevna, carried him off into her own realm.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:realm:x7:1
# text = The fair Princess, Marya Morevna, carried him off into her own realm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Marya	Marya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	Morevna	Morevna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry off** | past | the fair Princess and Marya | Marya |  | her own realm |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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