---
title: rebuke — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rebuke» in the school dictionary: To tell someone sharply that they have done something wrong. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rebuke

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** they, Jesus, teacher, Mum, captain, storm · **What happens:** tell, do, word, rebuke, mean, command · **To what, where:** someone, something, blame, wind, Bible stories, him · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rebuke» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rebuke in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rebuke.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To tell someone sharply that they have done something wrong.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:m1:1
# text = To tell someone sharply that they have done something wrong.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	sharply	sharply	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  | sharply *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **do** | present · perfect | they | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sharp words of blame or criticism.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:m2:1
# text = Sharp words of blame or criticism.
1	Sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	blame	blame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	criticism	criticism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **word** |  |  | blame or criticism |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Bible stories, Jesus rebukes the wind and the waves, meaning he commands them firmly to stop.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:m3:1
# text = In Bible stories, Jesus rebukes the wind and the waves, meaning he commands them firmly to stop.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rebukes	rebuke	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	commands	command	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuke** | present | Jesus | the wind and the waves |  | Bible stories |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | Jesus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **command** | present | Jesus | wind |  |  |  | firmly *property* | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality |
| 4 | **stop** | to-infinitive | Jesus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher rebuked him for talking during the assembly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x1:1
# text = The teacher rebuked him for talking during the assembly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rebuked	rebuke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	talking	talk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuke** | past | the teacher | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **talk** | gerund | the teacher *not said here* |  |  |  | during the assembly |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum gave my brother a sharp rebuke for being rude.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x2:1
# text = Mum gave my brother a sharp rebuke for being rude.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	iobj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rebuke	rebuke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Mum | a sharp rebuke | my brother |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent brother=Recipient rebuke=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The captain rebuked the sailors for falling asleep on watch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x3:1
# text = The captain rebuked the sailors for falling asleep on watch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rebuked	rebuke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuke** | past | the captain | the sailors |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sailor=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund | the captain *not said here* |  |  | watch |  | asleep *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on watch=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Bible, Jesus rebuked the wind, and the storm became calm.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x4:1
# text = In the Bible, Jesus rebuked the wind, and the storm became calm.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rebuked	rebuke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuke** | past | Jesus | the wind |  | the Bible |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | past | the storm |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her quiet rebuke made me feel ashamed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x5:1
# text = Her quiet rebuke made me feel ashamed.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rebuke	rebuke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Her quiet rebuke | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ashamed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **rebuke** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom rebuke «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge rebuked the lawyer for shouting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x6:1
# text = The judge rebuked the lawyer for shouting.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rebuked	rebuke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lawyer	lawyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuke** | past | the judge | the lawyer |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lawyer=Theme |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund | the lawyer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Don’t ask riddles of a man that’s eating blackberries,” the Carl rebuked him.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rebuke:x7:1
# text = “Don’t ask riddles of a man that’s eating blackberries,” the Carl rebuked him.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	riddles	riddle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	_
12	blackberries	blackberry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Carl	Carl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	rebuked	rebuke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | riddles of a man |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent riddle=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund | riddles of a man *not said here* | blackberries |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blackberry=Patient |
| 3 | **rebuke** | past | the Carl | man |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 4 | **riddle** *in a quote* |  | a man |  |  |  |  |  | nom riddle «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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