---
title: reciprocal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «reciprocal» in the school dictionary: Reciprocal means given and received in return; done by both people or sides for each other. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# reciprocal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Reciprocal, number, number times, you, schools, we · **What happens:** mean, give, receive, do, divide, equal · **To what, where:** return, reciprocal, 1, 1/4, 3/2, reciprocal visit · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«reciprocal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [reciprocal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/reciprocal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reciprocal means given and received in return; done by both people or sides for each other.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:m1:1
# text = Reciprocal means given and received in return; done by both people or sides for each other.
1	Reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	9	obl	_	_
17	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Reciprocal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **receive** | participle |  |  |  | return |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in return=Location |
| 4 | **do** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | for each | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a reciprocal friendship".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:m1e:1
# text = "a reciprocal friendship".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: maths — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reciprocal of a number is 1 divided by that number; a number times its reciprocal equals 1.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:m2:1
# text = The reciprocal of a number is 1 divided by that number; a number times its reciprocal equals 1.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	equals	equal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
19	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | present · passive | that number | the reciprocal of a number |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **equal** | present | a number times  reciprocal's reciprocal | 1 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reciprocal of 4 is 1/4.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x1:1
# text = The reciprocal of 4 is 1/4.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	1/4	1/4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the reciprocal of 4 | 1/4 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x2:1
# text = The reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	2/3	2/3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	3/2	3/2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the reciprocal of 2/3 | 3/2 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To divide by 1/2, multiply by its reciprocal, 2.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x3:1
# text = To divide by 1/2, multiply by its reciprocal, 2.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	divide	divide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	1/2	1/2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	multiply	multiply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by 1/2 | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by 1/2=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **multiply** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by its reciprocal | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by reciprocal=Co-Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our schools have a reciprocal visit: we go to them, then they come to us.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x4:1
# text = Our schools have a reciprocal visit: we go to them, then they come to us.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	visit	visit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our schools | a reciprocal visit |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent visit=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | present | we |  | schools *= school* |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to they=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **come** | present | schools *= school* |  | us |  | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Friendship should be reciprocal; both people care.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x5:1
# text = Friendship should be reciprocal; both people care.
1	Friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	reciprocal	reciprocal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	care	care	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | should | Friendship |  |  |  |  | reciprocal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **care** | present | both people |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5 × 1/5 = 1, so 1/5 is the reciprocal of 5.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x6:1
# text = 5 × 1/5 = 1, so 1/5 is the reciprocal of 5.
1	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
2	×	×	SYM	SYM	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	1/5	1/5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	5	case	_	_
5	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	1/5	1/5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 1/5 | the reciprocal |  |  |  | of 5 | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two countries have a reciprocal agreement on health care.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reciprocal:x7:1
# text = The two countries have a reciprocal agreement on health care.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	reciprocal	reciprocal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	health	health	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the two countries | a reciprocal agreement |  | health care |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent agreement=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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