---
title: recite — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «recite» in the school dictionary: To recite is to say a poem, story or piece of writing aloud from memory. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# recite

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, you, We, He, class, boy · **What happens:** recite, be, list, address, get, play · **To what, where:** list, poem, assembly, times table, alphabet, planets · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«recite» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [recite in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/recite.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To recite is to say a poem, story or piece of writing aloud from memory.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:m1:1
# text = To recite is to say a poem, story or piece of writing aloud from memory.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	recite	recite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	aloud	aloud	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  |  |  |  |  | aloud, say *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To recite a list is to say many things one after another, like facts or names.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:m2:1
# text = To recite a list is to say many things one after another, like facts or names.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	recite	recite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	flat	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | to-infinitive |  | a list |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent list=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | say *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She recited a poem in assembly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x1:1
# text = She recited a poem in assembly.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | She | a poem |  | assembly |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you recite the seven times table?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x2:1
# text = Can you recite the seven times table?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recite	recite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | can | you | the times table |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We recited the alphabet backwards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x3:1
# text = We recited the alphabet backwards.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | We | the alphabet |  |  |  | backwards *property* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alphabet=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He recited the list of planets from memory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x4:1
# text = He recited the list of planets from memory.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	planets	planet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | He | the list of planets from memory |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent list=Theme |
| 2 | **list** |  |  | planets from memory |  |  |  |  | nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class recited the poem together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x5:1
# text = The class recited the poem together.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | the class | the poem |  |  |  | together *property* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boy recited his address to the police officer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x6:1
# text = The boy recited his address to the police officer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	address	address	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | the boy | boy's address | the police officer |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent address=Topic to officer=Recipient |
| 2 | **address** |  | boy |  |  |  |  |  | nom address «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad can still recite poems from school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x7:1
# text = Grandad can still recite poems from school.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	recite	recite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	poems	poem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | can | Grandad | poems |  | school | still |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She recited all the reasons she should get a dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x8:1
# text = She recited all the reasons she should get a dog.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reasons	reason	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past | She | all reasons |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | should | she | a dog |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Here a group played circus, there another sang and recited.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recite:x9:1
# text = Here a group played circus, there another sang and recited.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
4	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	circus	circus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
8	another	another	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	recited	recite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | participle | a group *not said here* | circus |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circus=Theme |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | another |  |  | here; there |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **recite** | past | another *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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