---
title: recorder — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «recorder» in the school dictionary: A recorder is a simple wooden or plastic wind instrument with holes, which you blow into and play by covering the holes with your fingers. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# recorder

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** recorder, you, machine, person, We, She · **What happens:** be, blow, play, cover, record, write down · **To what, where:** simple wooden wind instrument, holes, sound, group, recorder, tune

<!-- .vabout -->
«recorder» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [recorder in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/recorder.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A recorder is a simple wooden or plastic wind instrument with holes, which you blow into and play by covering the holes with your fingers.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:m1:1
# text = A recorder is a simple wooden or plastic wind instrument with holes, which you blow into and play by covering the holes with your fingers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
5	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
6	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	instrument	instrument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	blow	blow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
20	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a recorder | a simple wooden wind instrument |  |  |  | with holes | tree rules |
| 2 | **blow** | present | you | holes |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 3 | **play** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cover** | gerund | you *not said here* | the holes |  |  |  | with your fingers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent hole=Destination with finger=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A machine that records sound or pictures, like a voice recorder or a flight recorder.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:m2:1
# text = A machine that records sound or pictures, like a voice recorder or a flight recorder.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	records	record	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **record** | present | a machine | sound or pictures and a voice recorder or a flight recorder |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who writes down what happens, for example in a group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:m3:1
# text = A person who writes down what happens, for example in a group.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	writes	write	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	nsubj	_	_
7	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **happen** | present |  |  |  | a group |  | for example | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in group=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are learning to play the recorder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x1:1
# text = We are learning to play the recorder.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | the recorder |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recorder=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She played a tune on her recorder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x2:1
# text = She played a tune on her recorder.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tune	tune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | She | a tune |  | her recorder |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tune=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cover all the holes to play a low note on the recorder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x3:1
# text = Cover all the holes to play a low note on the recorder.
1	Cover	cover	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | imperative | you *not said here* | all holes |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hole=Destination |
| 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a low note |  | the recorder |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who wants to be the recorder for our group?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x4:1
# text = Who wants to be the recorder for our group?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the recorder |  |  |  | for our group | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The journalist used a voice recorder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x5:1
# text = The journalist used a voice recorder.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	journalist	journalist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the journalist | a voice recorder |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recorder=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flight recorder was found after the crash.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x6:1
# text = The flight recorder was found after the crash.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | the flight recorder |  |  | after the crash |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your recorder after you play it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:recorder:x7:1
# text = Wash your recorder after you play it.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	recorder	recorder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your recorder |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recorder=Patient |
| 2 | **play** | present | you | recorder |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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