---
title: refill — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «refill» in the school dictionary: To refill something is to fill it again after it has become empty. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# refill

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, refill, new supply, you, I, Dad · **What happens:** refill, be, become, go, have, take · **To what, where:** something, second filling, water bottle, refill, car, ink refills

<!-- .vabout -->
«refill» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [refill in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/refill.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To refill something is to fill it again after it has become empty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:m1:1
# text = To refill something is to fill it again after it has become empty.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	refill	refill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
13	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refill** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | again | fill *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | present · perfect | it |  |  |  |  | empty *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A refill is a second filling, like another cup of a drink, or a new supply that goes into something, like ink for a pen.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:m2:1
# text = A refill is a second filling, like another cup of a drink, or a new supply that goes into something, like ink for a pen.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refill	refill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	filling	filling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	supply	supply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
21	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a refill | a second filling and another cup of a drink or a new supply |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | present | a new supply |  |  | something |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into something=Initial\_Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Refill your water bottle before the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x1:1
# text = Refill your water bottle before the race.
1	Refill	refill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refill** | imperative | you *not said here* | your water bottle |  |  | before the race |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can I have a refill of juice, please?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x2:1
# text = Can I have a refill of juice, please?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	refill	refill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | can | I | a refill of juice |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refill=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad refilled the car with petrol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x3:1
# text = Dad refilled the car with petrol.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	refilled	refill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refill** | past | Dad | the car |  |  |  | with petrol | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This pen takes ink refills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x4:1
# text = This pen takes ink refills.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	refills	refill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | this pen | ink refills |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refill=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Refilling a bottle is better than buying a new plastic one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x5:1
# text = Refilling a bottle is better than buying a new plastic one.
1	Refilling	refill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
6	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	buying	buy	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refill** | gerund |  | a bottle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Refilling |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **buy** | gerund | Refilling *not said here* | a new plastic one |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bird feeder needs refilling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x6:1
# text = The bird feeder needs refilling.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	feeder	feeder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	refilling	refill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the bird feeder |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **refill** *not said to happen* | gerund | the bird feeder *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Peddler retraced his steps and refilled his panniers with a larger quantity of salt than before.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refill:x7:1
# text = The Peddler retraced his steps and refilled his panniers with a larger quantity of salt than before.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Peddler	Peddler	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	retraced	retrace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	refilled	refill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	panniers	pannier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	quantity	quantity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	before	before	ADV	RB	_	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retrace** | past | the Peddler | Peddler's steps |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **refill** | past | the Peddler *not said here* | Peddler's panniers |  |  |  | with a larger quantity of salt | tree rules |
| 3 | **step** |  | Peddler |  |  |  |  |  | nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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