---
title: reform — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «reform» in the school dictionary: To change and improve a system, law or organisation. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# reform

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** change, government, children, thief, Voting reform, He · **What happens:** change, improve, become, reform, form, re-form · **To what, where:** system, behaviour, better person, something, line, schools

<!-- .vabout -->
«reform» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [reform in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/reform.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To change and improve a system, law or organisation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:m1:1
# text = To change and improve a system, law or organisation.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	change	change	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	improve	improve	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	organisation	organisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **improve** | infinitive |  | a system and law or organisation |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent system=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To change your behaviour and become a better person: a reformed thief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:m2:1
# text = To change your behaviour and become a better person: a reformed thief.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	change	change	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	reformed	reform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | to-infinitive |  | your behaviour |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent behaviour=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | infinitive |  | a better person and a reformed thief |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **reform** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A change that improves something: school reforms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:m3:1
# text = A change that improves something: school reforms.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	improves	improve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	reforms	reform	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | present | a change | something |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: re-form, with hyphen — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To form again: the line re-formed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:m4:1
# text = To form again: the line re-formed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	form	form	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	re-formed	re-form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | to-infinitive |  | the line |  |  | again |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location line=Theme |
| 2 | **re-form** | participle |  | the line *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The government wants to reform the schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x1:1
# text = The government wants to reform the schools.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	reform	reform	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | the government |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **reform** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the government *not said here* | the schools |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent school=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laws were reformed so children couldn't work in mines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x2:1
# text = Laws were reformed so children couldn't work in mines.
1	Laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reformed	reform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reform** | past · passive |  | Laws |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **work** | could | children |  |  |  |  | in mines | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in mine=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The thief reformed and became honest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x3:1
# text = The thief reformed and became honest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reformed	reform	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reform** | past | the thief |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | past | the thief *not said here* |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Voting reform gave more people a vote.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x4:1
# text = Voting reform gave more people a vote.
1	Voting	vote	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	reform	reform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	iobj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	vote	vote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **vote** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | past | Voting reform | a vote | more people |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent people=Recipient vote=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is a reformed character now.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x5:1
# text = He is a reformed character now.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	reformed	reform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reform** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | He | a reformed character |  |  | now |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class re-formed into a line after break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reform:x6:1
# text = The class re-formed into a line after break.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	re-formed	re-form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **re-form** | past | the class |  |  | a line | after break |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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