---
title: refreshments — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «refreshments» in the school dictionary: small amounts of food and drink offered at a meeting, event or journey. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# refreshments

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, grown ups, Light refreshments, coach, refreshments · **What happens:** offer, amount, refresh, serve, sell, raise · **To what, where:** drink, meeting, food, feeling, Refreshments, money

<!-- .vabout -->
«refreshments» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [refreshments in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/refreshments.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
small amounts of food and drink offered at a meeting, event or journey.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:m1:1
# text = small amounts of food and drink offered at a meeting, event or journey.
1	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	offered	offer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | participle |  | drink *not said here* |  | a meeting |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **amount** |  |  | food and drink |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism, polite — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
alcoholic drinks, as in "liquid refreshments" or "a few refreshments".

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:m2:1
# text = alcoholic drinks, as in "liquid refreshments" or "a few refreshments".
1	alcoholic	alcoholic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, singular — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the feeling of being refreshed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:m3:1
# text = the feeling of being refreshed.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	refreshed	refresh	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refresh** | gerund · passive |  | the feeling *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Refreshments will be served after the school play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x1:1
# text = Refreshments will be served after the school play.
1	Refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | future · passive |  | Refreshments |  |  | after the school play |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sold refreshments at the sports day to raise money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x2:1
# text = We sold refreshments at the sports day to raise money.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | We | refreshments |  |  | day |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refreshment=Theme |
| 2 | **raise** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | money |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grown-ups went to the pub for some liquid refreshment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x3:1
# text = The grown-ups went to the pub for some liquid refreshment.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pub	pub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
11	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	refreshment	refreshment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | the grown ups |  |  | the pub |  | for some liquid refreshment | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to pub=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Had a few refreshments last night, did we?" the neighbour teased.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x4:1
# text = "Had a few refreshments last night, did we?" the neighbour teased.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
15	teased	tease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | past |  | a few refreshments |  |  | night |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | past |  | we |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Eventuality |
| 3 | **tease** | participle |  | the neighbour *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light refreshments include tea, juice and biscuits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x5:1
# text = Light refreshments include tea, juice and biscuits.
1	Light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	biscuits	biscuit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Light refreshments | tea and juice and biscuits |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tea=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach stopped for refreshments halfway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x6:1
# text = The coach stopped for refreshments halfway.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	halfway	halfway	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the coach |  |  |  |  | for refreshments; halfway *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shortly afterward, refreshments, consisting mostly of Camel's hump and ribs, were served to the company.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:refreshments:x7:1
# text = Shortly afterward, refreshments, consisting mostly of Camel's hump and ribs, were served to the company.
1	Shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	consisting	consist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	Camel	Camel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	ribs	rib	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | gerund | refreshments *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of Camel's hump and ribs | tree rules |
| 2 | **serve** | past · passive |  | refreshments | the company |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to company=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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