---
title: relief — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «relief» in the school dictionary: The happy, calm feeling when something bad or worrying stops or doesn't happen. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# relief

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, you, person, someone, carving, relief · **What happens:** worry, stop, not happen, make, help, take over · **To what, where:** pain, work, land, map, flat surface, sigh

<!-- .vabout -->
«relief» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [relief in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/relief.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The happy, calm feeling when something bad or worrying stops or doesn't happen.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:m1:1
# text = The happy, calm feeling when something bad or worrying stops or doesn't happen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	nsubj	_	_
8	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	worrying	worry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
11	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worry** | gerund | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **stop** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **happen** | present · do-support | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making pain or worry less: pain relief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:m2:1
# text = Making pain or worry less: pain relief.
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | pain or worry |  |  |  | pain relief *obl*; less *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pain=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Help such as food, money or shelter for people in trouble: disaster relief.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:m3:1
# text = Help such as food, money or shelter for people in trouble: disaster relief.
1	Help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	4	case	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	2	fixed	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | such food and money or shelter for people in trouble | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who takes over someone's work: a relief driver.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:m4:1
# text = A person who takes over someone's work: a relief driver.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take over** | present | a person | someone's work and a relief driver |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 2 | **work** |  | someone |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: geography, art — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ups and downs of land shown on a map; a carving that stands out from a flat surface.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:m5:1
# text = The ups and downs of land shown on a map; a carving that stands out from a flat surface.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	downs	down	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	carving	carving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | participle |  | land *not said here* |  | a map |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand out** | present | a carving |  |  | a flat surface |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What a relief that the test was easy!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x1:1
# text = What a relief that the test was easy!
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	3	det	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | what relief |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She breathed a sigh of relief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x2:1
# text = She breathed a sigh of relief.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathed	breathe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | past | She | a sigh of relief |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |
| 2 | **sigh** |  |  | relief |  |  |  |  | nom sigh «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The medicine gave quick pain relief.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x3:1
# text = The medicine gave quick pain relief.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	quick	quick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the medicine | quick pain relief |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relief=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Relief workers brought water to the flood victims.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x4:1
# text = Relief workers brought water to the flood victims.
1	Relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	flood	flood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	victims	victim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | Relief workers | water |  | the flood victims |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme to victim=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A relief teacher took our class today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x5:1
# text = A relief teacher took our class today.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | a relief teacher | our class |  |  | today |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The relief map shows the mountains in brown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x6:1
# text = The relief map shows the mountains in brown.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	brown	brown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the relief map | the mountains |  |  |  | in brown | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent mountain=Patient in brown=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The relief from pain and hunger made me drowsy, and presently I fell asleep.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:relief:x7:1
# text = The relief from pain and hunger made me drowsy, and presently I fell asleep.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hunger	hunger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	drowsy	drowsy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the relief from pain and hunger | me |  |  |  | drowsy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset i=Product |
| 2 | **fall** | past | I |  |  |  |  | asleep, presently *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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