---
title: renew — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «renew» in the school dictionary: To make something last longer, like a library book loan, a passport or a subscription. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# renew

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, I, Mum, we, town, Wind · **What happens:** make, start, renew, need, be, discover · **To what, where:** something, friendship, paint, library book, passport, old playground

<!-- .vabout -->
«renew» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [renew in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/renew.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make something last longer, like a library book loan, a passport or a subscription.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:m1:1
# text = To make something last longer, like a library book loan, a passport or a subscription.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	subscription	subscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To start something again after a break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:m2:1
# text = To start something again after a break.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  | after a break; again |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"renew a friendship".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:m2e:1
# text = "renew a friendship".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	renew	renew	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | a friendship |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent friendship=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make something new or fresh again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:m3:1
# text = To make something new or fresh again.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  | again |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"renew the paint".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:m3e:1
# text = "renew the paint".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	renew	renew	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | the paint |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paint=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I renewed my library book for two more weeks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x1:1
# text = I renewed my library book for two more weeks.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	renewed	renew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** | past | I | my library book |  |  | week |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent book=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum needs to renew her passport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x2:1
# text = Mum needs to renew her passport.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	renew	renew	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **renew** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Mum *not said here* | Mum's passport |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent passport=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the rest, we started again with renewed energy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x3:1
# text = After the rest, we started again with renewed energy.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	renewed	renew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | we |  |  |  | after the rest; again | with renewed energy | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with energy=Subeventuality |
| 2 | **renew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town renewed the old playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x4:1
# text = The town renewed the old playground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	renewed	renew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** | past | the town | the old playground |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent playground=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can renew books online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x5:1
# text = You can renew books online.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	renew	renew	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	online	online	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** | can | You | books |  |  |  | online *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent book=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wind and sunlight are renewable energy because they renew themselves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x6:1
# text = Wind and sunlight are renewable energy because they renew themselves.
1	Wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	renewable	renewable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	renew	renew	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
10	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Wind and sunlight | renewable energy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **renew** | present | Wind | Wind |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They renewed their friendship after many years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x7:1
# text = They renewed their friendship after many years.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	renewed	renew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friendship	friendship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **renew** | past | They | their friendship |  |  | year |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent friendship=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Discovering that he is not, he renews the pursuit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renew:x8:1
# text = Discovering that he is not, he renews the pursuit.
1	Discovering	discover	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	renews	renew	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **renew** | present | he | the pursuit |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pursuit=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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