---
title: renewal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «renewal» in the school dictionary: Making something new, fresh or strong again. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# renewal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Christians, God, library books, Mum, Spring, town centre · **What happens:** make, rebuild, improve, believe, renew, be · **To what, where:** something, agreement, old parts, hearts, renewal form, renewal · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«renewal» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [renewal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/renewal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making something new, fresh or strong again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:m1:1
# text = Making something new, fresh or strong again.
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | something |  |  | again |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Making an agreement, ticket or membership last longer: «library book renewal».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:m2:1
# text = Making an agreement, ticket or membership last longer: «library book renewal».
1	Making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	membership	membership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	last	last	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  | a agreement and ticket or membership |  |  |  | book renewal *obl*; long *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset agreement=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spiritual renewal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:m3:1
# text = Spiritual renewal.
1	Spiritual	spiritual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians believe God renews people's hearts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:m3e:1
# text = Christians believe God renews people's hearts.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	renews	renew	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Christians |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **renew** | present | God | people's hearts |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rebuilding and improving old parts of a town (urban renewal).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:m4:1
# text = Rebuilding and improving old parts of a town (urban renewal).
1	Rebuilding	rebuild	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	improving	improve	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rebuild** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **improve** | gerund |  | old parts of a town |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent part=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My library books are due for renewal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x1:1
# text = My library books are due for renewal.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My library books |  |  |  |  | for renewal; due *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum sent off the passport renewal form.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x2:1
# text = Mum sent off the passport renewal form.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	passport	passport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send off** | past | Mum | the renewal form |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spring brings renewal to the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x3:1
# text = Spring brings renewal to the garden.
1	Spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | Spring | renewal |  | the garden |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent renewal=Theme to garden=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town centre is going through renewal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x4:1
# text = The town centre is going through renewal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present · progressive | the town centre |  |  | renewal |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through renewal=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At Easter, Christians speak of new life and renewal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x5:1
# text = At Easter, Christians speak of new life and renewal.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Easter	Easter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | Christians |  |  | Easter |  | of new life and renewal | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our club membership is up for renewal next month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:renewal:x6:1
# text = Our club membership is up for renewal next month.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	membership	membership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	renewal	renewal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our club membership |  |  |  | month | for renewal | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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