---
title: repel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «repel» in the school dictionary: To repel something is to push it away or keep it away. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# repel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** two magnets, same poles, someone, Two north poles, spray, raincoat · **What happens:** repel, be, keep away, push, mean, make · **To what, where:** something, it, science, each, someone, mosquitoes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«repel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [repel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/repel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To repel something is to push it away or keep it away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:m1:1
# text = To repel something is to push it away or keep it away.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	repel	repel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus something=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | away, push *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **keep away** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | away *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, two magnets repel when their same poles (north–north or south–south) push each other apart.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:m2:1
# text = In science, two magnets repel when their same poles (north–north or south–south) push each other apart.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	magnets	magnet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	repel	repel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	north	north	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	–	-	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	north	north	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	south	south	ADV	RB	_	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	–	–	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	south	south	ADV	RB	_	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
20	push	push	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
21	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	20	obj	_	_
22	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	fixed	_	_
23	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | present | two magnets |  |  | science |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **push** | present | magnets's same poles | each |  |  |  | apart, north *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To repel can also mean to make someone feel disgusted.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:m3:1
# text = To repel can also mean to make someone feel disgusted.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	repel	repel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	_
9	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	disgusted	disgust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **feel** *not said to happen* | infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **disgust** | participle | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two north poles of magnets repel each other.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x1:1
# text = Two north poles of magnets repel each other.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	north	north	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	compound	_	_
3	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	magnets	magnet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	repel	repel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	6	obj	_	_
8	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | present | Two north poles of magnets | each |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus each=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This spray repels mosquitoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x2:1
# text = This spray repels mosquitoes.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	spray	spray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	repels	repel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	mosquitoes	mosquito	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | present | this spray | mosquitoes |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus mosquito=Experiencer |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raincoat repels water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x3:1
# text = A raincoat repels water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raincoat	raincoat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	repels	repel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | present | a raincoat | water |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus water=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The castle walls repelled the attackers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x4:1
# text = The castle walls repelled the attackers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	repelled	repel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	attackers	attacker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | past | the castle walls | the attackers |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus attacker=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell of the rotten fish repelled everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x5:1
# text = The smell of the rotten fish repelled everyone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	rotten	rotten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	repelled	repel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repel** | participle | the rotten fish *not said here* | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus everyone=Experiencer |
| 2 | **smell** |  | the rotten fish |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Try to push two magnets together — feel how they repel!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x6:1
# text = Try to push two magnets together — feel how they repel!
1	Try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	push	push	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	magnets	magnet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	feel	feel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	repel	repel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **push** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | two magnets |  |  |  | together *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent magnet=Theme |
| 3 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **repel** | present | magnets *= magnet* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When, therefore, they sighted the Argo from afar they armed themselves and rushed to the shore, determined to repel any invasion of their territory.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:repel:x7:1
# text = When, therefore, they sighted the Argo from afar they armed themselves and rushed to the shore, determined to repel any invasion of their territory.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sighted	sight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Argo	Argo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	afar	afar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	armed	arm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	determined	determined	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	repel	repel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
24	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	territory	territory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sight** | past | they | the Argo |  | afar |  | therefore *property* | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer argo=Stimulus |
| 2 | **arm** | past | they | themselves *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent themselves=Recipient |
| 3 | **rush** | past | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the shore *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to shore=Result |
| 4 | **repel** | to-infinitive | they *not said here* | any invasion of their territory |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus invasion=Experiencer |
| 5 | **invade** |  |  | their territory |  |  |  |  | nom invasion «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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