---
title: reptile — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «reptile» in the school dictionary: A cold-blooded animal with a backbone, dry scaly skin, that usually lays eggs, such as a snake, lizard, turtle, tortoise, crocodile or alligator. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/reptile/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [R](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/) / reptile

# reptile

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** blooded animal, snake, Reptiles, lizard, We, you · **What happens:** lay, be, have, lie, warm up, see · **To what, where:** eggs, reptile, dry scaly skin, rock, crocodiles, reptile house

<!-- .vabout -->
«reptile» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [reptile in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/reptile.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cold-blooded animal with a backbone, dry scaly skin, that usually lays eggs, such as a snake, lizard, turtle, tortoise, crocodile or alligator.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:m1:1
# text = A cold-blooded animal with a backbone, dry scaly skin, that usually lays eggs, such as a snake, lizard, turtle, tortoise, crocodile or alligator.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	blooded	blooded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	scaly	scaly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	lizard	lizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	alligator	alligator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | a blooded animal with a backbone and dry scaly skin | eggs |  |  |  | such a snake and lizard and turtle and tortoise and crocodile or alligator; usually *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A snake is a reptile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x1:1
# text = A snake is a reptile.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reptile	reptile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a snake | a reptile |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reptiles have dry, scaly skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x2:1
# text = Reptiles have dry, scaly skin.
1	Reptiles	reptile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	scaly	scaly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Reptiles | dry scaly skin |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lizard lay on a rock to warm up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x3:1
# text = The lizard lay on a rock to warm up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lizard	lizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	warm	warm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | the lizard |  |  | a rock |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rock=Location |
| 2 | **warm up** | to-infinitive | the lizard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw crocodiles at the reptile house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x4:1
# text = We saw crocodiles at the reptile house.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	reptile	reptile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | crocodiles |  | the reptile house |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crocodile=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your hands after holding a pet reptile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x5:1
# text = Wash your hands after holding a pet reptile.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	reptile	reptile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | you *not said here* | a pet reptile |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reptile=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles are reptiles, but frogs are amphibians.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x6:1
# text = Turtles are reptiles, but frogs are amphibians.
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	reptiles	reptile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	amphibians	amphibian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Turtles | reptiles but amphibians |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | frogs | amphibians |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She first turned into a frog, then assumed various reptile forms, and finally became a spindle.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:reptile:x7:1
# text = She first turned into a frog, then assumed various reptile forms, and finally became a spindle.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
9	assumed	assume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
10	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	reptile	reptile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	spindle	spindle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | She |  |  |  |  | into a frog *result*; first *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into frog=Result |
| 2 | **assume** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  | then | various *property* | vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **form** | present | reptile |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **become** | past | She *not said here* | a spindle |  |  |  | finally *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [reproof](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/reproof/)
- next →: [republic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/republic/)
- ↑ back to [R in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/)