---
title: residual — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «residual» in the school dictionary: Left over after most of something has gone or been used. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# residual

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** most, amount, residual smell, smoke, oven, you · **What happens:** leave over, go, use, predict, pay, show · **To what, where:** difference, money, show, residual heat, oven, residual water

<!-- .vabout -->
«residual» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [residual in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/residual.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Left over after most of something has gone or been used.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:m1:1
# text = Left over after most of something has gone or been used.
1	Left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	over	over	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nmod	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave over** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | present · perfect | most of something |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | participle · passive | most of something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, maths and science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An amount left over, or the difference between a real value and a predicted one.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:m2:1
# text = An amount left over, or the difference between a real value and a predicted one.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	predicted	predict	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave over** | participle | a amount *not said here* | the difference between a real value and a predicted one |  |  |  | over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **predict** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
residuals: money paid to actors when a show is shown again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:m3:1
# text = residuals: money paid to actors when a show is shown again.
1	residuals	residual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	actors	actor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
12	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  |  |  | to actors | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **show** | present · passive |  | a show |  |  | again |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a residual smell of smoke in the room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x1:1
# text = There was a residual smell of smoke in the room.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a residual smell of smoke in the room |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smell** |  | smoke in the room |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The oven gives off residual heat after it is switched off.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x2:1
# text = The oven gives off residual heat after it is switched off.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	switched	switch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give off** | present | the oven | residual heat |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source heat=Theme |
| 2 | **switch off** | present · passive |  | oven |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pour away the residual water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x3:1
# text = Pour away the residual water.
1	Pour	pour	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour away** | imperative | you *not said here* | the residual water |  |  |  | away *property* | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The residual amount after paying the bills was 40 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x4:1
# text = The residual amount after paying the bills was 40 dollars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bills	bill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | gerund | the residual amount *not said here* | the bills |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bill=Asset |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the residual amount | 40 dollars |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some residual snow lay in the shade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x5:1
# text = Some residual snow lay in the shade.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | some residual snow |  |  | the shade |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cream left residual marks on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:residual:x6:1
# text = The cream left residual marks on the table.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	marks	mark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the cream | residual marks |  | the table |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mark=Theme on table=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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