---
title: restatement — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «restatement» in the school dictionary: Saying or writing something again, often in different or clearer words. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# restatement

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** conclusion, Your, you, restatement, teacher, company · **What happens:** say, write, change, include, conclude, restate · **To what, where:** different clearer words, something, restatement, opinion, answer, question · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«restatement» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [restatement in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/restatement.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saying or writing something again, often in different or clearer words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:m1:1
# text = Saying or writing something again, often in different or clearer words.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	writing	write	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	clearer	clear	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  | different clearer words |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in word=Manner |
| 2 | **write** | gerund |  | something |  |  | again |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A new or changed version of a statement, such as a rule or account.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:m2:1
# text = A new or changed version of a statement, such as a rule or account.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your conclusion should include a restatement of your opinion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x1:1
# text = Your conclusion should include a restatement of your opinion.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	include	include	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | should | Your conclusion | a restatement of your opinion |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent restatement=Theme |
| 2 | **conclude** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom conclusion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
| 3 | **restate** |  |  | your opinion |  |  |  |  | nom restatement «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **opine** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Start your answer with a restatement of the question.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x2:1
# text = Start your answer with a restatement of the question.
1	Start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | imperative | you *not said here* | your answer |  |  |  | with a restatement of the question | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent answer=Eventuality with restatement=Subeventuality |
| 2 | **answer** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 3 | **restate** |  |  | the question |  |  |  |  | nom restatement «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher's restatement of the rule made it clearer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x3:1
# text = The teacher's restatement of the rule made it clearer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	clearer	clear	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the teacher's restatement of the rule | rule |  |  |  | clear *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 2 | **restate** |  | the teacher | the rule |  |  |  |  | nom restatement «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company issued a restatement of last year's figures.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x4:1
# text = The company issued a restatement of last year's figures.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	issued	issue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | past | the company | a restatement of last year's figures |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location restatement=Theme |
| 2 | **restate** |  |  | last year's figures |  |  |  |  | nom restatement «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **figure** |  | last year |  |  |  |  |  | nom figure «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His speech was just a restatement of what he said before.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x5:1
# text = His speech was just a restatement of what he said before.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nmod	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	before	before	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | His speech | a restatement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **speak** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A restatement in simple words helps younger children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:restatement:x6:1
# text = A restatement in simple words helps younger children.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	restatement	restatement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | a restatement in simple words |  | younger children |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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