---
title: retake — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «retake» in the school dictionary: To retake a test or exam is to take it again, often because you failed or want a better mark. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# retake

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, retake, She, her, I, actor · **What happens:** retake, be, fail, want, film, lose · **To what, where:** test, better mark, second try, film, place, driving test

<!-- .vabout -->
«retake» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [retake in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/retake.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To retake a test or exam is to take it again, often because you failed or want a better mark.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:m1:1
# text = To retake a test or exam is to take it again, often because you failed or want a better mark.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	retake	retake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	amod	_	_
21	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retake** | to-infinitive |  | a test or exam |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | again | take *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fail** | past | you |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **want** | present | you *not said here* | a better mark |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot mark=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A retake is a second try at a test, or a scene in a film filmed again.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:m2:1
# text = A retake is a second try at a test, or a scene in a film filmed again.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	retake	retake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	try	try	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	filmed	film	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	again	again	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a retake | a second try |  | a test |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **film** | participle |  | a film *not said here* |  |  | again |  | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To retake a place is to capture it again after losing it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:m3:1
# text = To retake a place is to capture it again after losing it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	retake	retake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	capture	capture	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retake** | to-infinitive |  | a place |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | again | capture *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lose** | gerund |  | place |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She failed her driving test but will retake it next month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x1:1
# text = She failed her driving test but will retake it next month.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	retake	retake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | past | She | her driving test |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality |
| 2 | **drive** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **retake** | future | She *not said here* | test |  |  | month |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **test** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I need to retake the spelling test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x2:1
# text = I need to retake the spelling test.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	retake	retake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **retake** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the spelling test |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The actor forgot his lines, so they did a retake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x3:1
# text = The actor forgot his lines, so they did a retake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	actor	actor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forgot	forget	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	retake	retake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | past | the actor | actor's lines |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | past | lines *= line* | a retake |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retake=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The army retook the castle after a long siege.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x4:1
# text = The army retook the castle after a long siege.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	retook	retake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	siege	siege	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retake** | past | the army | the castle |  |  | after a long siege |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Retakes are allowed if you are ill on the day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x5:1
# text = Retakes are allowed if you are ill on the day.
1	Retakes	retake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | present · passive |  | Retakes |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you |  |  |  | day | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After three retakes, the scene was perfect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:retake:x6:1
# text = After three retakes, the scene was perfect.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	retakes	retake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the scene |  |  |  | after three retakes | perfect *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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