---
title: revise — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «revise» in the school dictionary: To revise (UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) means to study again what you have learned, to get ready for a test. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# revise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, I, my, She, scientists, We · **What happens:** revise, mean, study, learn, get, change · **To what, where:** UK, piece, number, opinion, story, ending · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«revise» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [revise in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/revise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To revise (UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) means to study again what you have learned, to get ready for a test.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:m1:1
# text = To revise (UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand) means to study again what you have learned, to get ready for a test.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	revise	revise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	csubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
11	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
13	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	study	study	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	again	again	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	obj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
24	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | to-infinitive |  | UK and Ireland and Australia and New Zealand |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent uk=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **study** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | again |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **learn** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 5 | **get** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To revise means to change and improve a piece of writing or a plan.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:m2:1
# text = To revise means to change and improve a piece of writing or a plan.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	revise	revise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	improve	improve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **change** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **improve** | infinitive |  | a piece of writing or a plan |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent piece=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To revise a number or opinion means to change it because of new information.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:m3:1
# text = To revise a number or opinion means to change it because of new information.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	revise	revise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	14	case	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | to-infinitive |  | a number or opinion |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent number=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **change** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | opinion |  |  |  | because new information | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I need to revise for my spelling test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x1:1
# text = I need to revise for my spelling test.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	revise	revise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	spelling	spelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **revise** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for my spelling test | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **test** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Revise your story to make the ending stronger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x2:1
# text = Revise your story to make the ending stronger.
1	Revise	revise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ending	ending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | imperative | you *not said here* | your story |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent story=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the ending |  |  |  | strong *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ending=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She revised her times tables every night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x3:1
# text = She revised her times tables every night.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	revised	revise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	tables	table	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | past | She | her times tables |  |  | night |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent table=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scientists revised their idea after the new experiment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x4:1
# text = The scientists revised their idea after the new experiment.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	revised	revise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | past | the scientists | scientists's idea |  |  | after the new experiment |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent idea=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We revised our plan because of the rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x5:1
# text = We revised our plan because of the rain.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	revised	revise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	fixed	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revise** | past | We | our plan |  |  |  | because the rain | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent plan=Patient |
| 2 | **plan** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Make revision cards to help you revise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:revise:x6:1
# text = Make revision cards to help you revise.
1	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	revision	revision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	revise	revise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | revision cards |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | revision cards *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **revise** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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