---
title: rickets — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rickets» in the school dictionary: A disease in children that makes bones soft and weak, so legs can bend, usually caused by not getting enough vitamin D, sunlight or calcium. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rickets

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** children, disease, Rickets, bones, Victorian children, Sunlight · **What happens:** make, bend, cause, not get, have, help · **To what, where:** bones, enough vitamin D, rickets, skin, vitamin D, liver oil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rickets» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rickets in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rickets.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A disease in children that makes bones soft and weak, so legs can bend, usually caused by not getting enough vitamin D, sunlight or calcium.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:m1:1
# text = A disease in children that makes bones soft and weak, so legs can bend, usually caused by not getting enough vitamin D, sunlight or calcium.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
19	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
22	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	D	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	calcium	calcium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | children | bones |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bone=Product |
| 2 | **bend** | can | a disease in children |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cause** | participle | a disease in children *not said here* |  |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 4 | **not** **get** | gerund | a disease in children *not said here* | enough vitamin D and sunlight or calcium |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer d=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rickets makes children's bones bend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x1:1
# text = Rickets makes children's bones bend.
1	Rickets	rickets	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	bend	bend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Rickets | children's bones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | present | children's bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Victorian children in dark, smoky cities often had rickets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x2:1
# text = Victorian children in dark, smoky cities often had rickets.
1	Victorian	victorian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	smoky	smoky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Victorian children in dark smoky cities | rickets |  |  |  | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ricket=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight helps your skin make vitamin D, which prevents rickets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x3:1
# text = Sunlight helps your skin make vitamin D, which prevents rickets.
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	D	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	prevents	prevent	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Sunlight | your skin |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent skin=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive | your skin *not said here* | vitamin D |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset d=Product |
| 3 | **prevent** | present | vitamin D | rickets |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer ricket=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish, eggs and fortified milk help stop rickets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x4:1
# text = Fish, eggs and fortified milk help stop rickets.
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	fortified	fortify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fortify** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | present | Fish and eggs and fortified milk |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **stop** | infinitive | Fish and eggs and fortified milk *not said here* | rickets |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality ricket=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor said rickets is rare today but still happens.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x5:1
# text = The doctor said rickets is rare today but still happens.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
7	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | rickets |  |  |  | today | rare *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | present | rickets *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cod liver oil was given to children to prevent rickets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rickets:x6:1
# text = Cod liver oil was given to children to prevent rickets.
1	Cod	cod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	liver	liver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	prevent	prevent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	rickets	ricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | liver oil | children |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to child=Recipient |
| 2 | **prevent** | to-infinitive |  | rickets |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer ricket=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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