---
title: rider — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rider» in the school dictionary: A person who rides a horse, a bike, a motorbike or a scooter. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rider

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, rider, bike rider, you, brother, bus · **What happens:** ride, fall off, not hurt, wear, slow down, pass · **To what, where:** horse, helmet, fast rider, scooter, three riders, rider · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rider» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rider in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rider.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who rides a horse, a bike, a motorbike or a scooter.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:m1:1
# text = A person who rides a horse, a bike, a motorbike or a scooter.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rides	ride	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	motorbike	motorbike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	scooter	scooter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | present | a person and a bike and a motorbike or a scooter | a horse |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A passenger on a bus or train (mostly American).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:m2:1
# text = A passenger on a bus or train (mostly American).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	passenger	passenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rider fell off her horse but was not hurt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x1:1
# text = The rider fell off her horse but was not hurt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | past | the rider | rider's horse |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient horse=Extent |
| 2 | **not** **hurt** | past · passive | the rider *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every bike rider should wear a helmet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x2:1
# text = Every bike rider should wear a helmet.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | should | every bike rider | a helmet |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slow down when you pass a horse and rider.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x3:1
# text = Slow down when you pass a horse and rider.
1	Slow	slow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **pass** | present | you | a horse and rider |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme horse=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother is a fast rider on his scooter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x4:1
# text = My brother is a fast rider on his scooter.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	scooter	scooter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My brother | a fast rider |  | his scooter |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bus had only three riders.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x5:1
# text = The bus had only three riders.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the bus | three riders |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rider=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rider pulled the reins to stop the horse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x6:1
# text = The rider pulled the reins to stop the horse.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reins	rein	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past · passive |  | the rider |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: subject=Theme rein=Result |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | the horse |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality horse=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Riders must stop at the red light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x7:1
# text = Riders must stop at the red light.
1	Riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | must | Riders |  |  | the red light |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at light=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All around were graves, and the rider found he had a gravestone under him!

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rider:x8:1
# text = All around were graves, and the rider found he had a gravestone under him!
1	All	all	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	around	around	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	gravestone	gravestone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | graves |  |  |  | around *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | past | graves |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | rider | a gravestone |  |  |  | under him *= he* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gravestone=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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