---
title: ridge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ridge» in the school dictionary: A long, narrow, high strip of land along the top of hills or mountains. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ridge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, fingerprints, Your, Ridged crisps, ridge, coin · **What happens:** raise, slope, walk, see, cover, have · **To what, where:** ridge, valleys, tiny ridges, more dip, sunshine, ridges

<!-- .vabout -->
«ridge» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ridge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ridge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long, narrow, high strip of land along the top of hills or mountains.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:m1:1
# text = A long, narrow, high strip of land along the top of hills or mountains.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	strip	strip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	along	along	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raised line on a surface: the ridges on a coin's edge.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:m2:1
# text = A raised line on a surface: the ridges on a coin's edge.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The top edge where two sloping parts of a roof meet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:m3:1
# text = The top edge where two sloping parts of a roof meet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	sloping	slope	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	amod	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	meet	meet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slope** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: weather — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long area of high air pressure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:m4:1
# text = A long area of high air pressure.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We walked along the ridge and saw both valleys.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x1:1
# text = We walked along the ridge and saw both valleys.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | We |  |  | the ridge |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along ridge=Trajectory |
| 2 | **see** | past | We *not said here* | both valleys |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer valley=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roof's ridge was covered in moss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x2:1
# text = The roof's ridge was covered in moss.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the roof's ridge |  |  |  | in moss | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in moss=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your fingerprints have tiny ridges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x3:1
# text = Your fingerprints have tiny ridges.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	fingerprints	fingerprint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Your fingerprints | tiny ridges |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ridge=Patient |
| 2 | **fingerprint** |  | Your |  |  |  |  |  | nom fingerprint «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ridged crisps hold more dip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x4:1
# text = Ridged crisps hold more dip.
1	Ridged	ridge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	dip	dip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ridge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | present | Ridged crisps | more dip |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dip=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ridge of high pressure brought sunshine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x5:1
# text = A ridge of high pressure brought sunshine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | a ridge of high pressure | sunshine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent sunshine=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coin has ridges round its edge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x6:1
# text = The coin has ridges round its edge.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	round	round	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the coin | ridges |  |  |  | round coin's edge | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ridge=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once they wandered a long way into the forest, and even ventured together to climb the high ridge.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ridge:x7:1
# text = Once they wandered a long way into the forest, and even ventured together to climb the high ridge.
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wandered	wander	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	ventured	venture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
14	together	together	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	ridge	ridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wander** | past | they | a long way |  | the forest |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Trajectory |
| 2 | **venture** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **climb** | to-infinitive |  | the high ridge |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location ridge=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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