---
title: rift — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rift» in the school dictionary: A crack or gap, often in rock, trees, clouds or the ground. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rift

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**Who acts:** He, quarrel · **What happens:** watch, open, cause · **To what, where:** stars, rifts, rift, rock

<!-- .vabout -->
«rift» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rift in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rift.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crack or gap, often in rock, trees, clouds or the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rift:m1:1
# text = A crack or gap, often in rock, trees, clouds or the ground.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	gap	gap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A split or quarrel between friends or families.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rift:m2:1
# text = A split or quarrel between friends or families.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	split	split	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	quarrel	quarrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He watched the stars through the rifts in the trees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rift:x1:1
# text = He watched the stars through the rifts in the trees.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rifts	rift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | He | the stars |  | the rifts |  | in the trees | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rift opened in the rock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rift:x2:1
# text = A rift opened in the rock.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rift	rift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	opened	open	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | participle |  | a rift *not said here* |  | the rock |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rock=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The quarrel caused a rift between the brothers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rift:x3:1
# text = The quarrel caused a rift between the brothers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	quarrel	quarrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rift	rift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | the quarrel | a rift |  |  |  | between the brothers | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition rift=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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