---
title: rival — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rival» in the school dictionary: A person, team or business that competes with another for the same thing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rival

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** business, two schools, two football teams, rival shop, Nothing, rival team · **What happens:** compete, be, sell, rival, score, beat · **To what, where:** rival gangs, old rivals, fierce rivals, apples, apple pie, 3 goals

<!-- .vabout -->
«rival» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rival in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rival.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person, team or business that competes with another for the same thing.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:m1:1
# text = A person, team or business that competes with another for the same thing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	competes	compete	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compete** | present | business |  |  |  |  | with another; for the same thing | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with another=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two schools are old rivals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:m1e:1
# text = The two schools are old rivals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the two schools | old rivals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be as good as someone or something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:m2:1
# text = To be as good as someone or something.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
3	as	as	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as someone; good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her cake rivals any shop's cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:m2e:1
# text = Her cake rivals any shop's cake.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Competing: rival gangs, rival shops.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:m3:1
# text = Competing: rival gangs, rival shops.
1	Competing	compete	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	rival	rival	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	gangs	gang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	rival	rival	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compete** | gerund |  | rival gangs and rival shops |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two football teams are fierce rivals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x1:1
# text = The two football teams are fierce rivals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the two football teams | fierce rivals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our rival shop sells apples 5p cheaper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x2:1
# text = Our rival shop sells apples 5p cheaper.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	rival	rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sells	sell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	p	p	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | Our rival shop | apples and 5 p |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing can rival Grandma's apple pie.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x3:1
# text = Nothing can rival Grandma's apple pie.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	rival	rival	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pie	pie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rival** | can | Nothing | Grandma's apple pie |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rival team scored 3 goals; we scored 4.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x4:1
# text = The rival team scored 3 goals; we scored 4.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rival	rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	goals	goal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	scored	score	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **score** | past | the rival team | 3 goals |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |
| 2 | **score** | past | we | 4 |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She beat her rival in the final race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x5:1
# text = She beat her rival in the final race.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	beat	beat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	rival	rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | past | She | her rival |  |  |  | in the final race | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent rival=Patient in race=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Batman's arch-rival is the Joker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x6:1
# text = Batman's arch-rival is the Joker.
1	Batman	Batman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	arch-rival	arch-rival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Joker	Joker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Batman's arch-rival | the Joker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Male deer fight their rivals in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x7:1
# text = Male deer fight their rivals in autumn.
1	Male	male	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fight	fight	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present | Male deer | deer's rivals |  |  | autumn |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rival=Co-Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the King’s unsuccessful rivals had gone home in despair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rival:x8:1
# text = All the King’s unsuccessful rivals had gone home in despair.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	unsuccessful	unsuccessful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rivals	rival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	home	home	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	despair	despair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the King | all unsuccessful rivals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | past · perfect | all unsuccessful rivals |  |  | despair |  | home *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in despair=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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