---
title: rod — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rod» in the school dictionary: A rod is a long thin straight stick of wood, metal or plastic. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rod

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rod, fishing rod, Rods, cells, you, metal rod · **What happens:** be, use, catch, help, see, cut · **To what, where:** long thin straight stick, long pole, fish, old unit, cells, eye

<!-- .vabout -->
«rod» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rod in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rod.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rod is a long thin straight stick of wood, metal or plastic.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:m1:1
# text = A rod is a long thin straight stick of wood, metal or plastic.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	straight	straight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rod | a long thin straight stick and metal or plastic |  |  |  | of wood | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fishing rod is a long pole with a line, used to catch fish.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:m2:1
# text = A fishing rod is a long pole with a line, used to catch fish.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
15	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a fishing rod | a long pole |  |  |  | with a line | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle | a fishing rod *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **catch** | to-infinitive | a fishing rod *not said here* | fish |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rod is an old unit of length, about 5 meters (5½ yards).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:m3:1
# text = A rod is an old unit of length, about 5 meters (5½ yards).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	parataxis	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	½	½	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	yards	yard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a rod | a old unit |  |  |  | of length | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rods are also cells in the eye that help you see in dim light.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:m4:1
# text = Rods are also cells in the eye that help you see in dim light.
1	Rods	rod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Rods | cells |  | the eye |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | present | cells | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | dim light |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A metal rod is 2 meters long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x1:1
# text = A metal rod is 2 meters long.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a metal rod |  |  |  |  | 2 meters *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He cut the rod into 5 equal parts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x2:1
# text = He cut the rod into 5 equal parts.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | past | He | the rod |  | 5 equal parts |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent rod=Material into part=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each fishing rod costs $25.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x3:1
# text = Each fishing rod costs $25.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	$	$	SYM	$	_	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each fishing rod |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have 3 rods and catch 12 fish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x4:1
# text = They have 3 rods and catch 12 fish.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rods	rod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | They | 3 rods |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rod=Patient |
| 2 | **catch** | present | They *not said here* | 12 fish |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lightning rod on the roof keeps the house safe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x5:1
# text = A lightning rod on the roof keeps the house safe.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a lightning rod on the roof | the house |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hang the curtains on the rod.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x6:1
# text = Hang the curtains on the rod.
1	Hang	hang	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | imperative | you *not said here* | the curtains |  | the rod |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent curtain=Theme on rod=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We used coloured rods to show that 3 + 2 = 5.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x7:1
# text = We used coloured rods to show that 3 + 2 = 5.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rods	rod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obj	_	_
9	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	10	cc	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	conj	_	_
11	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	12	case	_	_
12	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | We | coloured rods |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rod=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | 3 |  |  |  | = 5 | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 3=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rod cells help us see in the dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x8:1
# text = Rod cells help us see in the dark.
1	Rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Rod cells | us |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  | the dark |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa took his fishing rod down to the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rod:x9:1
# text = Grandpa took his fishing rod down to the river.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Grandpa | Grandpa's fishing rod |  | the river |  | down *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rod=Theme to river=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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