---
title: rogue — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rogue» in the school dictionary: A dishonest person who cheats or tricks people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# rogue

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dishonest person, You, rogue, court, little rogue, rogue wave · **What happens:** cheat, trick, rogue, behave, cause, sell · **To what, where:** people, rogue elephant, rest, trouble, rogue wave, fake watches · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«rogue» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rogue in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rogue.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dishonest person who cheats or tricks people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:m1:1
# text = A dishonest person who cheats or tricks people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	cheats	cheat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	tricks	trick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheat** | present | a dishonest person |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **trick** | present | a dishonest person *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: playful — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A naughty but likeable person, often a child: «You little rogue!».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:m2:1
# text = A naughty but likeable person, often a child: «You little rogue!».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	naughty	naughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	likeable	likeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rogue** *in a quote* |  | You |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behaving differently from the rest and causing trouble or danger, as in «a rogue wave», «a rogue elephant», «a rogue trader».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:m3:1
# text = Behaving differently from the rest and causing trouble or danger, as in «a rogue wave», «a rogue elephant», «a rogue trader».
1	Behaving	behave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	differently	differently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
8	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	rogue	rogue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	rogue	rogue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	trader	trader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behave** | gerund |  | a rogue elephant |  | the rest |  | a rogue trader *obl*; differently *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cause** | gerund |  | trouble or danger |  | a rogue wave |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition trouble=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rogue sold fake watches at the market.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x1:1
# text = The rogue sold fake watches at the market.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fake	fake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	watches	watch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | the rogue | fake watches |  | the market |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent watch=Theme at market=Asset |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad was called a rogue and a ruffian by the court.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x2:1
# text = Toad was called a rogue and a ruffian by the court.
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ruffian	ruffian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive | the court | Toad |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«You little rogue, you've eaten my biscuit!» laughed Nan.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x3:1
# text = «You little rogue, you've eaten my biscuit!» laughed Nan.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
13	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rogue** *in a quote* |  | You |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you | my biscuit |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient |
| 3 | **laugh** | past | little rogue |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rogue wave knocked the sailors off their feet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x4:1
# text = A rogue wave knocked the sailors off their feet.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rogue	rogue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock** | past | a rogue wave | the sailors |  |  |  | off sailors's feet | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent sailor=Patient off foot=Co-Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rogue elephant was dangerous to the villages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x5:1
# text = The rogue elephant was dangerous to the villages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rogue	rogue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the rogue elephant |  |  |  |  | to the villages; dangerous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, one robot goes rogue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x6:1
# text = In the game, one robot goes rogue.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	robot	robot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | one robot | rogue |  | the game |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rogue=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was a charming rogue who always owed money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x7:1
# text = He was a charming rogue who always owed money.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	charming	charming	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rogue	rogue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
8	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | He | a charming rogue |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **owe** | past | a charming rogue | money |  |  |  | always *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One day, two rogues, calling themselves weavers, made their appearance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rogue:x8:1
# text = One day, two rogues, calling themselves weavers, made their appearance.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	rogues	rogue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	calling	call	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	weavers	weaver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund | two rogues *not said here* | rogues *= rogue* |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme weaver=Result |
| 2 | **make** | past | One day | weavers's appearance |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset appearance=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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