---
title: roll — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «roll» in the school dictionary: To roll is to turn over and over, like a ball moving along the ground. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# roll

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ball, car, roll, tape, She, 12 dinner · **What happens:** roll, be, move, roll down, wound up, mean · **To what, where:** ground, wheels, hill, small round bread, long piece, tube shape · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«roll» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [roll in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/roll.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To roll is to turn over and over, like a ball moving along the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m1:1
# text = To roll is to turn over and over, like a ball moving along the ground.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	over	over	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	along	along	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | like a ball; over, turn *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **move** | gerund | a ball *not said here* |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme along ground=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To roll is to move on wheels: the car rolled down the hill.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m2:1
# text = To roll is to move on wheels: the car rolled down the hill.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | wheels |  | move *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **roll down** | participle | the car *not said here* | the hill |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roll is a small round bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m3:1
# text = A roll is a small round bread.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roll | a small round bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roll is a long piece of paper, tape, film or cloth wound up into a tube shape.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m4:1
# text = A roll is a long piece of paper, tape, film or cloth wound up into a tube shape.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	tape	tape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
15	wound	wound	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roll | a long piece |  |  |  | of paper | tree rules |
| 2 | **wound up** | present | tape and film or cloth |  |  | a tube shape |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To roll dice is to throw them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m5:1
# text = To roll dice is to throw them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	dice	dice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | to-infinitive |  | dice |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dice=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | throw *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roll is a list of names: the class roll.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m6:1
# text = A roll is a list of names: the class roll.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roll | a list |  |  |  | of names | tree rules |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roll is a long deep sound: a roll of thunder, a drum roll.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m7:1
# text = A roll is a long deep sound: a roll of thunder, a drum roll.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roll | a long deep sound and a roll of thunder and a drum roll |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **roll** |  |  | thunder |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To roll can also mean to move forward steadily, like a wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:m8:1
# text = To roll can also mean to move forward steadily, like a wave.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	steadily	steadily	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move forward** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | like a wave; forward, steadily *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought 12 dinner rolls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x1:1
# text = She bought 12 dinner rolls.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rolls	roll	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **roll** | present | 12 dinner |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each roll of tape is 30 meters long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x2:1
# text = Each roll of tape is 30 meters long.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	tape	tape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | each roll of tape |  |  |  |  | 30 meters *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **roll** |  |  | tape |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He rolled a 6 on the die.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x3:1
# text = He rolled a 6 on the die.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rolled	roll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	die	die	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | past | He | a 6 |  | the die |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent 6=Theme on die=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roll of stickers has 50 stickers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x4:1
# text = A roll of stickers has 50 stickers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a roll of stickers | 50 stickers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sticker=Patient |
| 2 | **roll** |  |  | stickers |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ball rolled down the hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x5:1
# text = The ball rolled down the hill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll down** | participle | the ball *not said here* | the hill |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hill=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roll the dough into a long snake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x6:1
# text = Roll the dough into a long snake.
1	Roll	roll	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | imperative | you *not said here* | the dough |  |  |  | into a long snake *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent dough=Theme into snake=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher called the roll.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x7:1
# text = The teacher called the roll.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | the teacher | the roll |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent roll=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a roll of thunder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x8:1
# text = There was a roll of thunder.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a roll of thunder |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **roll** |  |  | thunder |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roll up your sleeves before you wash the paint pots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x9:1
# text = Roll up your sleeves before you wash the paint pots.
1	Roll	roll	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	sleeves	sleeve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wash	wash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pots	pot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll up** | imperative | you *not said here* | your sleeves |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleeve=Agent |
| 2 | **wash** | present | you | the paint pots |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Patient |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now a wave came rolling onward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roll:x10:1
# text = Now a wave came rolling onward.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	rolling	roll	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
6	onward	onward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a wave |  |  |  | now |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **roll** | gerund | a wave *not said here* |  |  |  |  | onward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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