---
title: romance — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «romance» in the school dictionary: A romance is a loving relationship between two people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/romance/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [R](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/) / romance

# romance

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** romance, travel, Cinderella, big sister, book, They · **What happens:** be, mean, romance, have, like, meet · **To what, where:** loving relationship, feeling, story, exciting mysterious feeling, romance, romance films

<!-- .vabout -->
«romance» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [romance in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/romance.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A romance is a loving relationship between two people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:m1:1
# text = A romance is a loving relationship between two people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	loving	loving	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a romance | a loving relationship |  |  |  | between two people | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Romance is the feeling of love and excitement in such a relationship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:m2:1
# text = Romance is the feeling of love and excitement in such a relationship.
1	Romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	12	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Romance | the feeling and excitement in such relationship |  |  |  | of love | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A romance is a story or film about love.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:m3:1
# text = A romance is a story or film about love.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a romance | a story or film |  |  |  | about love | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Romance can also mean an exciting, mysterious feeling about something: «the romance of travel».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:m4:1
# text = Romance can also mean an exciting, mysterious feeling about something: «the romance of travel».
1	Romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	exciting	exciting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	mysterious	mysterious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
10	about	about	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Romance | a exciting mysterious feeling |  |  |  | about something | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feeling=Topic |
| 2 | **romance** *in a quote* |  | travel |  |  |  |  |  | nom romance «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cinderella and the prince have a romance in the story.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x1:1
# text = Cinderella and the prince have a romance in the story.
1	Cinderella	cinderella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Cinderella and the prince | a romance |  | the story |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent romance=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My big sister likes romance films.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x2:1
# text = My big sister likes romance films.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	films	film	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present | My big sister | romance films |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot film=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The book was full of adventure and romance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x3:1
# text = The book was full of adventure and romance.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	adventure	adventure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the book |  |  |  |  | of adventure and romance; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They met at school and their romance began.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x4:1
# text = They met at school and their romance began.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | They |  |  | school |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **begin** | past | their romance |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **romance** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom romance «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa talked about the romance of travelling by steam train.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x5:1
# text = Grandpa talked about the romance of travelling by steam train.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | about the romance | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about romance=Topic |
| 2 | **travel** | gerund | the romance *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by steam train | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by train=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is an adventure story, not a romance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x6:1
# text = This is an adventure story, not a romance.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	adventure	adventure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a adventure story and a romance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The romance of the earth is, after all, the most wonderful of all romances.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:romance:x7:1
# text = The romance of the earth is, after all, the most wonderful of all romances.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	romance	romance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	13	advmod	_	_
13	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	romances	romance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the romance of the earth |  |  |  |  | of all romances; wonderful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **romance** |  | the earth |  |  |  |  |  | nom romance «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [roman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/roman/)
- next →: [romani](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/romani/)
- ↑ back to [R in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/)