---
title: rotifer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «rotifer» in the school dictionary: A tiny water animal, usually too small to see without a microscope, with a ring of little hairs at its head that wave and look like spinning wheels. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/rotifer/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [R](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/) / rotifer

# rotifer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** head, We, hairs, Rotifers, Fish, teacher · **What happens:** see, wave, look, spin, be, survive · **To what, where:** rotifers, pond water, animals, video, us

<!-- .vabout -->
«rotifer» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [rotifer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/rotifer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A tiny water animal, usually too small to see without a microscope, with a ring of little hairs at its head that wave and look like spinning wheels.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:m1:1
# text = A tiny water animal, usually too small to see without a microscope, with a ring of little hairs at its head that wave and look like spinning wheels.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
11	without	without	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	wave	wave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
28	like	like	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	spinning	spin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	amod	_	_
30	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | without a microscope; with a ring of little hairs at ring's head | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **wave** | present | ring's head |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **look** | present | ring's head *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like spinning wheels | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **spin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw rotifers in pond water under the microscope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x1:1
# text = We saw rotifers in pond water under the microscope.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | rotifers |  | pond water |  | under the microscope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rotifer=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rotifer's hairs look like spinning wheels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x2:1
# text = A rotifer's hairs look like spinning wheels.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rotifer	rotifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	spinning	spin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	wheels	wheel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | a rotifer's hairs |  |  |  |  | like spinning wheels | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **spin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rotifers are animals, even though they are tiny.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x3:1
# text = Rotifers are animals, even though they are tiny.
1	Rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Rotifers | animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Rotifers *= rotifer* |  |  |  |  | tiny *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some rotifers can survive drying out for years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x4:1
# text = Some rotifers can survive drying out for years.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	drying	dry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | can | some rotifers |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dry out** | gerund | some rotifers *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fish eat rotifers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x5:1
# text = Fish eat rotifers.
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Fish | rotifers |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rotifer=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher showed us a video of rotifers feeding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:rotifer:x6:1
# text = Our teacher showed us a video of rotifers feeding.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rotifers	rotifer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	feeding	feed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | Our teacher | a video of rotifers | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient video=Topic |
| 2 | **feed** | gerund | rotifers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [rotational](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/rotational/)
- next →: [rotor](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/rotor/)
- ↑ back to [R in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/)