---
title: roux — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «roux» in the school dictionary: A roux is a mixture of melted butter (or fat) and flour cooked together, used to thicken sauces, soups and gravy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# roux

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** roux, French word, you, Gumbo, cheese sauce · **What happens:** be, melt, cook, use, thicken, mean · **To what, where:** mixture, flour, sauces, French word, French surname, butter

<!-- .vabout -->
«roux» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [roux in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/roux.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: cooking — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roux is a mixture of melted butter (or fat) and flour cooked together, used to thicken sauces, soups and gravy.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:m1:1
# text = A roux is a mixture of melted butter (or fat) and flour cooked together, used to thicken sauces, soups and gravy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mixture	mixture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	melted	melt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
15	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
16	together	together	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	thicken	thicken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
21	sauces	sauce	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	soups	soup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	gravy	gravy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a roux | a mixture |  |  |  | of melted butter and flour | tree rules |
| 2 | **melt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **cook** | participle |  | flour *not said here* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **use** | participle | a roux *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **thicken** | to-infinitive | a roux *not said here* | sauces and soups and gravy |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sauce=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roux is also a French word meaning reddish-brown; it is a French surname too.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:m2:1
# text = Roux is also a French word meaning reddish-brown; it is a French surname too.
1	Roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	reddish	reddish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	surname	surname	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
17	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Roux | a French word and a French surname |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a French word and a French surname *not said here* |  |  |  |  | brown *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Roux | a French surname |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melt the butter, add the flour, and stir to make a roux.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x1:1
# text = Melt the butter, add the flour, and stir to make a roux.
1	Melt	melt	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	stir	stir	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | imperative | you *not said here* | the butter |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient butter=Result |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | infinitive | you *not said here* | the flour |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flour=Patient |
| 3 | **stir** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | a roux |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset roux=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slowly whisk milk into the roux for a smooth white sauce.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x2:1
# text = Slowly whisk milk into the roux for a smooth white sauce.
1	Slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	whisk	whisk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sauce	sauce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whisk** | imperative | you *not said here* | milk |  |  |  | for a smooth white sauce; into the roux; slowly *property* | vn shake-22.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent milk=Patient into roux=Co-Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A roux thickens the gravy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x3:1
# text = A roux thickens the gravy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thickens	thicken	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gravy	gravy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thicken** | present | a roux | the gravy |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gravy=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cook the roux for a minute so it doesn't taste of flour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x4:1
# text = Cook the roux for a minute so it doesn't taste of flour.
1	Cook	cook	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cook** | imperative | you *not said here* | the roux |  |  | minute |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roux=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **taste** | present · do-support | roux |  |  |  |  | of flour | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gumbo in Louisiana starts with a dark brown roux.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x5:1
# text = Gumbo in Louisiana starts with a dark brown roux.
1	Gumbo	Gumbo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Louisiana	Louisiana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Gumbo in Louisiana |  |  |  |  | with a dark brown roux | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with roux=Subeventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our cheese sauce was lumpy because the roux was too hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x6:1
# text = Our cheese sauce was lumpy because the roux was too hot.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	sauce	sauce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	lumpy	lumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Our cheese sauce |  |  |  |  | lumpy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the roux |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the same amount of butter and flour for a roux.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:roux:x7:1
# text = Use the same amount of butter and flour for a roux.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	roux	roux	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the same amount of butter and flour |  |  |  | for a roux | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent amount=Theme for roux=Eventuality |
| 2 | **amount** |  |  | butter |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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