---
title: runnel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «runnel» in the school dictionary: A very small stream or brook. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# runnel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** rain, little runnel, We, Runnels, frog, Sweat · **What happens:** run, run down, channel, trickle down, make, build · **To what, where:** path, running water, hillside, runnels, sandy path, dam

<!-- .vabout -->
«runnel» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [runnel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/runnel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A very small stream or brook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:m1:1
# text = A very small stream or brook.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	very	very	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	brook	brook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small channel of running water, such as rain running down a path or gutter.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:m2:1
# text = A small channel of running water, such as rain running down a path or gutter.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	channel	channel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	gutter	gutter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run down** | gerund | rain *not said here* | a path or gutter |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme path=Trajectory |
| 3 | **channel** |  |  | running water |  |  |  |  | nom channel «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A little runnel trickled down the hillside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x1:1
# text = A little runnel trickled down the hillside.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	runnel	runnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	trickled	trickle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hillside	hillside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trickle down** | participle | a little runnel *not said here* | the hillside |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rain made runnels in the sandy path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x2:1
# text = Rain made runnels in the sandy path.
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	runnels	runnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sandy	sandy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Rain | runnels |  | the sandy path |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset runnel=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We built a dam across the runnel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x3:1
# text = We built a dam across the runnel.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dam	dam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	runnel	runnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | We | a dam |  | the runnel |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dam=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Runnels of water ran off the roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x4:1
# text = Runnels of water ran off the roof.
1	Runnels	runnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run off** | past | Runnels of water | the roof |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme roof=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog sat by a muddy runnel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x5:1
# text = The frog sat by a muddy runnel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	runnel	runnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the frog |  |  |  |  | by a muddy runnel | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by runnel=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sweat ran in runnels down his face.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:runnel:x6:1
# text = Sweat ran in runnels down his face.
1	Sweat	sweat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	runnels	runnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | Sweat |  |  | runnels |  | down Sweat's face | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in runnel=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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