---
title: ruth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ruth» in the school dictionary: Pity or sorrow for others. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ruth

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** girl, Ruth, ruthless pirate, old poem, story, team · **What happens:** name, call, sit, show, speak, be · **To what, where:** book, woman, aunt, me, class, mercy · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ruth» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ruth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ruth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pity or sorrow for others.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:m1:1
# text = Pity or sorrow for others.
1	Pity	pity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ruth: a girl's or woman's name, and a book of the Bible named after a woman called Ruth.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:m2:1
# text = Ruth: a girl's or woman's name, and a book of the Bible named after a woman called Ruth.
1	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
18	after	after	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | participle · passive |  | a book of the Bible |  |  | after a woman |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **name** |  | a girl |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt is called Ruth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x1:1
# text = My aunt is called Ruth.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | My aunt |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ruth sits next to me in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x2:1
# text = Ruth sits next to me in class.
1	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	next	next	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | Ruth |  | me | class |  | next *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in class=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ruthless pirate showed no mercy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x3:1
# text = The ruthless pirate showed no mercy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ruthless	ruthless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pirate	pirate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the ruthless pirate | no mercy |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mercy=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old poem speaks of ruth and sorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x4:1
# text = The old poem speaks of ruth and sorrow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	speaks	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	ruth	ruth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | the old poem |  |  |  |  | of ruth and sorrow | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story of Ruth is in the Bible.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x5:1
# text = The story of Ruth is in the Bible.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the story of Ruth |  |  | the Bible |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team was ruthless and scored six goals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ruth:x6:1
# text = The team was ruthless and scored six goals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	ruthless	ruthless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	scored	score	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	goals	goal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the team |  |  |  |  | ruthless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **score** | participle | the team *not said here* | six goals |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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