---
title: sac — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sac» in the school dictionary: A sac is a small bag-like part inside a plant or animal, often filled with liquid or air, like an egg sac or an ink sac. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sac

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sac, egg sac, silk bag, ink sac, spider, octopus · **What happens:** be, fill, hold, squirt, escape, guard · **To what, where:** small like part, plant, silk bag, eggs, dark ink, spider

<!-- .vabout -->
«sac» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sac in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sac.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sac is a small bag-like part inside a plant or animal, often filled with liquid or air, like an egg sac or an ink sac.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:m1:1
# text = A sac is a small bag-like part inside a plant or animal, often filled with liquid or air, like an egg sac or an ink sac.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	like	like	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sac | a small like part |  | a plant or animal |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fill** | participle | a sac *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with liquid or air; like a egg sac or a ink sac; often *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with liquid=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a spider, an egg sac is a silk bag holding its eggs; in a squid or octopus, the ink sac squirts dark ink to escape enemies.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:m2:1
# text = In a spider, an egg sac is a silk bag holding its eggs; in a squid or octopus, the ink sac squirts dark ink to escape enemies.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spider	spider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
12	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	squirts	squirt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
26	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
30	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a egg sac | a silk bag |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | a silk bag *not said here* | sac's eggs |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme |
| 3 | **squirt** | present | the ink sac | dark ink |  | a spider and a squid or octopus |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ink=Theme in spider=Destination |
| 4 | **escape** | to-infinitive | the ink sac *not said here* | enemies |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme enemy=Initial\_Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spider guarded its egg sac.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x1:1
# text = The spider guarded its egg sac.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spider	spider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	guarded	guard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guard** | past | the spider | spider's egg sac |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sac=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The octopus squirted ink from its ink sac.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x2:1
# text = The octopus squirted ink from its ink sac.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	squirted	squirt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ink	ink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squirt** | past | the octopus | ink |  | octopus's ink sac |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ink=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our lungs have millions of tiny air sacs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x3:1
# text = Our lungs have millions of tiny air sacs.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sacs	sac	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our lungs | millions of tiny air sacs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Frogs puff up a vocal sac to croak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x4:1
# text = Frogs puff up a vocal sac to croak.
1	Frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	puff	puff	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	vocal	vocal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	croak	croak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **puff up** | present | Frogs | a vocal sac |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sac=Source |
| 2 | **croak** | to-infinitive | Frogs *not said here* | a vocal sac *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby spiders hatched from the egg sac.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x5:1
# text = The baby spiders hatched from the egg sac.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hatched	hatch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hatch** | past | the baby spiders |  |  |  |  | from the egg sac | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from sac=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bee's sting has a venom sac.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sac:x6:1
# text = A bee's sting has a venom sac.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sac	sac	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a bee's sting | a venom sac |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sac=Patient |
| 2 | **sting** |  | a bee |  |  |  |  |  | nom sting «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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