---
title: sackcloth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sackcloth» in the school dictionary: A rough, coarse cloth made from sacking, once worn to show sadness or sorrow. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sackcloth

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**Who acts:** beggar · **What happens:** make, wear, show, dress · **To what, where:** rough coarse cloth, sacking, sadness, She, garment, sackcloth

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«sackcloth» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sackcloth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sackcloth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rough, coarse cloth made from sacking, once worn to show sadness or sorrow.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sackcloth:m1:1
# text = A rough, coarse cloth made from sacking, once worn to show sadness or sorrow.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	coarse	coarse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sacking	sacking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	11	advmod	_	_
11	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
14	sadness	sadness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a rough coarse cloth *not said here* |  | sacking |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from sacking=Material |
| 2 | **wear** | participle |  | sacking *not said here* |  |  |  | once *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive |  | sadness or sorrow |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sadness=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She had been dressed in a garment of sackcloth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sackcloth:x1:1
# text = She had been dressed in a garment of sackcloth.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	garment	garment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sackcloth	sackcloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dress** | past · perfect · passive |  | She |  | a garment of sackcloth |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beggar wore sackcloth and ashes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sackcloth:x2:1
# text = The beggar wore sackcloth and ashes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beggar	beggar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sackcloth	sackcloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the beggar | sackcloth and ashes |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent sackcloth=Source |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sack](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sack/)
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- ↑ back to [S in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/)