---
title: sacrament — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «sacrament» in the school dictionary: A sacrament is a holy ceremony in Christian churches, which Christians believe is an outward sign of God's grace (love and help) given to people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# sacrament

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sacrament, Christians, Blessed Sacrament, Catholics, Baptism, Marriage · **What happens:** be, believe, give, have, carry, explain · **To what, where:** holy ceremony, Christian churches, outward sign, people, Mass, body · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«sacrament» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [sacrament in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/sacrament.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sacrament is a holy ceremony in Christian churches, which Christians believe is an outward sign of God's grace (love and help) given to people.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:m1:1
# text = A sacrament is a holy ceremony in Christian churches, which Christians believe is an outward sign of God's grace (love and help) given to people.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
12	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	outward	outward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	ccomp	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	grace	grace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
22	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	parataxis	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	23	punct	_	_
27	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a sacrament | a holy ceremony |  | Christian churches |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **believe** | present | Christians | a holy ceremony |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | a outward sign |  |  |  | of God's grace | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | participle |  | a outward sign *not said here* | people |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to people=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Blessed Sacrament (Catholic) is the bread blessed at Mass, which Catholics believe is Jesus' body.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:m2:1
# text = The Blessed Sacrament (Catholic) is the bread blessed at Mass, which Catholics believe is Jesus' body.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Blessed	blessed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Catholic	catholic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	blessed	bless	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Mass	Mass	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
15	Catholics	Catholic	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	'	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Blessed Sacrament |  |  | Mass |  | bless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **believe** | present | Catholics | Mass |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | Jesus's body |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baptism is the first sacrament for many Christians.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x1:1
# text = Baptism is the first sacrament for many Christians.
1	Baptism	baptism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Baptism | the first sacrament |  |  |  | for many Christians | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Catholics have seven sacraments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x2:1
# text = Catholics have seven sacraments.
1	Catholics	catholic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	sacraments	sacrament	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Catholics | seven sacraments |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrament=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marriage is a sacrament in the Catholic Church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x3:1
# text = Marriage is a sacrament in the Catholic Church.
1	Marriage	marriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Catholic	Catholic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Church	Church	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Marriage | a sacrament |  | the Catholic Church |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priest carried the Blessed Sacrament in procession.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x4:1
# text = The priest carried the Blessed Sacrament in procession.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Blessed	blessed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	Sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	procession	procession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | the priest | the Blessed Sacrament |  | procession |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sacrament=Value in procession=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our RE teacher explained the sacrament of confirmation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x5:1
# text = Our RE teacher explained the sacrament of confirmation.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	RE	re	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	confirmation	confirmation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | Our teacher | the sacrament of confirmation |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrament=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most Protestant churches celebrate two sacraments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x6:1
# text = Most Protestant churches celebrate two sacraments.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
2	Protestant	protestant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	celebrate	celebrate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	sacraments	sacrament	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **celebrate** | present | Most Protestant churches | two sacraments |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrament=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The next Sunday there was the sacrament, and Karen looked at the black shoes, looked at the red ones--looked at them again, and put on the red shoes.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:sacrament:x7:1
# text = The next Sunday there was the sacrament, and Karen looked at the black shoes, looked at the red ones--looked at them again, and put on the red shoes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sacrament	sacrament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	Karen	Karen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	_
26	again	again	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | Karen |  |  |  | sunday | at the black shoes | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at shoe=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | past | Karen *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the red ones | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at one=Theme |
| 3 | **look** | past |  |  |  |  | again | at shoes *= shoe* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at they=Theme |
| 4 | **put** | participle |  |  |  | the red shoes |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on shoe=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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